What is table partation in SQL

Table partitioning is a technique used to divide a large table into smaller, more manageable parts called partitions. Each partition is an independent unit that stores a subset of the table's data. Partitioning offers several benefits, including improved query performance, simplified maintenance, and increased scalability.

If you are new to sql please read from basic first.

Here are some key points about table partitioning:

Data distribution: Partitioning allows you to distribute data across multiple physical or logical storage units. This distribution can be based on a predefined range of values, such as dates, numeric ranges, or specific column values.
Query performance: Partitioning can significantly enhance query performance by allowing the database to selectively scan and access only relevant partitions when executing queries. This approach reduces the amount of data that needs to be processed, resulting in faster query response times.
Maintenance flexibility: Partitioning provides flexibility for managing and maintaining large tables. You can perform operations like backup, restore, or index rebuild on individual partitions, reducing the overall maintenance time and minimizing the impact on the entire table.
Pruning: Partitioning enables "partition pruning," which is the ability to exclude partitions from query execution based on certain conditions. This pruning technique eliminates unnecessary scans on partitions that don't contain relevant data, further improving query performance.
Range, list, and hash partitioning: MySQL supports different partitioning methods. Range partitioning divides data based on a specified range of values. List partitioning divides data based on specific value lists. Hash partitioning uses a hashing algorithm to distribute data evenly across partitions.
Partition management: MySQL provides various management operations for partitions, such as adding new partitions, merging or splitting existing partitions, and altering partition boundaries. These operations allow you to adapt your partitioning strategy to changing requirements without impacting the entire table.

It's important to note that the effectiveness of partitioning depends on the nature of your data, the types of queries you execute, and your overall database design. It's recommended to analyze your workload and assess the benefits and trade-offs before implementing partitioning for your MySQL tables.
On next post of partition i will write all example of partition , like how to create table, and operation on that table.
Thanks