What's Bit Manipulation?

Bit Manipulation- https://450dsa.com/bit_manipulation

For X and Y such that
X/2=Y

Example:

- 7/2=3

7->111 (3)
3->011 (2)

- 12/2=6

12->1100 (2)
6->0110 (2)

If the X is ODD

It will have the least significant bit set. Hence dividing by 2, will be right shifting

If the X is EVEN

Its least significant bit will not be set hence dividing by 2 will have no effect on number of set bits as only 0 will be lost.

So if the number if the X is ODD,

number of set bits of X = 1 + Y

But when X is even,

number of set bits of X = Y