Linux file system is a kind of skill that can take you so far. It is meticulously organized - like a well-structured library. Each directory has a unique, specific purpose. Let's demystify the key directories:
/bin: Binaries - This directory holds the essential user command binaries that all users can access.
/sbin: System Binaries - Contains the essential binaries used by the system administrator for system maintenance and troubleshooting.
/etc: System Configuration - Houses the system configuration files, acting as the control panel on Linux.
/dev: Device Files - Home to all device files, such as hard disks, USB, CD-ROM, etc.
/proc: Process Information - A virtual directory detailing system and process information.
/var: Variable Files - This is the variable data directory storing changing data like logs, mails, print spools, etc.
/tmp: Temporary Files - This directory stores temporary files created by the system and users.
/usr: User Binaries - Contains multi-user utilities, applications, and libraries.
/home: User Home Directories - Contains the home directories for users and other accounts.
/lib: System Libraries - Houses library files that are needed by the system and the users.
/opt: Optional Software - Stores optional or additional software from vendors.
/mnt: Mount Directory - Used for mounting other temporary file systems.
/media: Removable Media - Acts as a temporary mount directory for removable devices.
/srv: Service Data - This directory contains server-specific services related data.
/boot: Boot Files - Contains boot loader related files.
/root: Root Home - This is the home directory for the root user.
/run: Application Information - A tmpfs file system that contains application information.
/usr/local: User Local - Contains user's programs that are installed from the source.
/lib64: 64-bit Libraries - This is where the 64-bit library files are stored.
Understanding the Linux file system is crucial for many reasons:
- It helps you locate files swiftly
- Troubleshoot issues more effectively
- Makes you a proficient developer or system administrator.
In an era where Linux skills are increasingly in demand, understanding the file system structure isn't just an add-on; it's a necessity.
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