You scale according to what market you look for trying to plan for what will come. "Well designed for scaling" is an imprecice goal. "Well design to handle 10k concurrent user" now you have an idea of what you look for. Then you choose the technologies to reach that goal and a little above.
As for IDs, in database it's faster to lookup for numeric IDs than string. Using unique incremental IDs is fine. The problem with microservice are many. Latency, input validation, error management, concurrency, transaction, caching.. What happens when: requests are taking too long? What error you return and how you handle them? How long and where do you cache the data trying to solve the first problem?
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You scale according to what market you look for trying to plan for what will come. "Well designed for scaling" is an imprecice goal. "Well design to handle 10k concurrent user" now you have an idea of what you look for. Then you choose the technologies to reach that goal and a little above.
The design for scaling for 10k and 500k users aren't the same see this:
slideshare.net/AmazonWebServices/s...
As for IDs, in database it's faster to lookup for numeric IDs than string. Using unique incremental IDs is fine. The problem with microservice are many. Latency, input validation, error management, concurrency, transaction, caching.. What happens when: requests are taking too long? What error you return and how you handle them? How long and where do you cache the data trying to solve the first problem?