Static and NOn-static

static variable :

*A static Variable belongs to the class, not to an object.

• nly one copy is created and shared by all objects.

Example:

class Student {

    static String college = "Bala";
}

public class Main {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        Student s1 = new Student();
        Student s2 = new Student();

        System.out.println(s1.college);
        System.out.println(s2.college);
    }
}

Output:

Bala
Bala

Non-Static Variable (Instance Variable):

A non-static variable belongs to an object.

Every object gets its own copy of the variable.

Example:

class Student {

    String name;
}

public class Main {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        Student s1 = new Student();
        Student s2 = new Student();

        s1.name = "Bala";
        s2.name = "Kumar";

        System.out.println(s1.name);
        System.out.println(s2.name);
    }
}

Output:

Bala
Kumar

Explanation:

s1 → name = Bala
s2 → name = Kumar

Each object has a separate copy of name.

Key Differences:

Static Variable	Non-Static Variable
Belongs to class	Belongs to object
One copy only	Separate copy for each object
Shared by all objects	Not shared
Access using class name	Access using object