English writing mein Active Voice aur Passive Voice ka use kab aur kyun kiya jata hai, isse aasan shabdon mein samajhte hain:
1. Active Voice vs Passive Voice Kya Hai?
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Active Voice (सक्रिय): Jab kaam karne wala (Subject) sentence mein sabse aage hota hai aur wahi main action karta hai.
Formula: Subject + Verb + Object
Example: Rahul wrote a letter. (Rahul ne khat likha.) -> Yahan focus Rahul par hai. -
Passive Voice (निष्क्रिय): Jab jis cheez par kaam ho raha hai (Object), use sentence mein sabse aage rakha jata hai. Kaam karne wale (Subject) ko ya to aakhiri mein lagaya jata hai ya gayab kar diya jata hai.
Formula: Object + Verb + (by + Subject)
Example: A letter was written by Rahul. (Ek khat Rahul dwara likha gaya.) -> Yahan focus letter par hai.
2. Active Voice KAB use karna chahiye?
Writing mein 80% se 90% baar aapko Active Voice ka hi use karna chahiye.
kab use karein:
- Jab baat ko saaf aur direct kehna ho: Active voice se sentence chota, clear aur asani se samajh aane wala banta hai.
- Storytelling ya general writing mein: Jab aap chahte hain ki reader ko pata chale ki action kaun kar raha hai.
- Strong impression daalne ke liye: Resumes, emails aur business writing mein active voice zyada professional lagta hai.
Active: The company launched a new product. (Saaf aur strong)
Passive: A new product was launched by the company. (Thoda ghuma-fira kar bola gaya)
3. Passive Voice KAB use karna chahiye?
Passive voice galat nahi hai, lekin iska use kuch khaas situations mein hi kiya jata hai:
kab use karein:
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Jab kaam karne wala (Subject) pata na ho:
Example: My wallet was stolen. (Mera wallet chori ho gaya – kisne kiya, nahi pata.)
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Jab kaam karne wala zaroori na ho, balki "kya kaam hua" wo zaroori ho:
Example: The road is being repaired. (Sadak ban rahi hai – kaun bana raha hai, wo important nahi hai.)
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Scientific ya Technical Reports mein: Jahan objective rehna hota hai aur personal pronouns (I, We) se bachna hota hai.
Example: The chemical was heated to $180^\circ\text{C}$.
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Galti chhupane ya diplomacy ke liye (Politics/News): Jab aap kisi par seedha aarop nahi lagana chahte.
Example: Mistakes were made. (Galtiyan huiin – kisne ki, yeh chhupa diya.)
Summary (Short Cut)
- Active Voice: Tab use karein jab "Kaun kar raha hai" (Doer) sabse important ho. (Yeh normal aur sabse best tariqa hai).
- Passive Voice: Tab use karein jab "Kya kaam hua" (Action/Object) zyada important ho, ya karne wale ka pata na ho.
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