Mysql vs SQLite

SQLite3 and MySQL are two popular relational database management systems (RDBMS). While both store and manage data in tables, they are designed for different use cases. Here’s a breakdown of the key differences between them:

1. Type & Use Case SQLite3: Serverless and lightweight. Ideal for local, embedded, or small-scale applications, such as mobile apps, IoT devices, or lightweight websites. Best suited for projects that don’t require high concurrency or scalability. MySQL: Client-server-based database. Suitable for web applications and large-scale systems requiring concurrent access, such as e-commerce sites or SaaS products. It supports multiple users and can handle heavy loads with advanced features.
2. Setup & Installation SQLite3:

Zero configuration; no setup or server required.
The entire database is stored in a single file on disk.
Portable – just copying the file is enough to transfer the database.
MySQL:

Requires installation of the server, and often configuration.
It needs a networked server to connect clients.
Data is stored across multiple files and managed through the MySQL engine.

1. Performance & Concurrency SQLite3:

Excellent for read-heavy applications but not optimal for write-heavy operations.
Uses single-threaded writes (one writer at a time), limiting its ability to handle multiple concurrent writes.
MySQL:

Better suited for high-concurrency environments where multiple users need simultaneous read/write access.
Provides locking mechanisms to allow multiple writes and reads concurrently without conflict.

1. Features & Functionality SQLite3:

Lacks some advanced RDBMS features like user management, stored procedures, and triggers.
No native support for advanced joins and complex queries beyond basic SQL operations.
MySQL:

Supports complex SQL features such as stored procedures, views, triggers, user management, and replication.
Can enforce data integrity with foreign key constraints (though this is not enabled in all storage engines).

1. Security & Authentication SQLite3:

No built-in user authentication or access control mechanisms (you rely on file-system permissions).
Not recommended for applications with sensitive data or multiple users.
MySQL:

Provides built-in user authentication and role-based access control.
Allows fine-grained permission management for databases, tables, and even columns.

1. Scalability SQLite3:

Limited scalability due to its file-based nature and single-write-thread model.
Works best for small datasets (usually under a few gigabytes).
MySQL:

Can handle large-scale applications with terabytes of data.
Supports clustering and replication for horizontal scaling.

1. Data Types Support SQLite3:

Uses a dynamic type system; columns can store any type of data regardless of the declared type (type affinity).
Less strict with data validation.
MySQL:

Enforces strict data types, improving data consistency and validation.
Supports a variety of data types including JSON, blobs, and more.

1. Use in Development & Deployment SQLite3:

Often used during development or prototyping due to its simplicity and zero-configuration nature.
Preferred for small-scale apps that require quick database access.
MySQL:

Commonly used in production environments for web applications.
Works well for projects requiring scalability and high availability.
When to Use Each?
Use SQLite3 if:

You need a lightweight, portable database.
Your app is read-heavy, and you don't need complex queries or multiple users accessing it concurrently.
You are building a local app, like a mobile app or prototype.
Use MySQL if:

You need a production-ready database for a web application.
Your app requires high concurrency with multiple users.
You need advanced features like replication, stored procedures, or user management.