Age-related macular degeneration, commonly known as AMD, is a progressive eye condition that affects the macula, the central part of the retina responsible for clear, detailed vision. AMD is one of the leading causes of central vision loss in people above 50 years of age, yet many patients remain unaware of the condition until vision problems begin to interfere with daily activities.
In age-related macular degeneration, patients often notice difficulty reading , recognising faces, or seeing fine details clearly. Straight lines may appear bent or distorted, colours may look dull, or a dark or blurred patch may develop in the centre of vision. Peripheral or side vision usually remains normal, which is why many people do not realise something serious is wrong in the early stages.
There are two main types of AMD, dry macular degeneration and wet macular degeneration. Dry AMD is the more common form and progresses slowly due to thinning and ageing changes in the macula. Wet AMD is less common but more severe, caused by abnormal blood vessel growth beneath the retina, leading to sudden and significant vision loss if not treated early. Early detection of wet AMD is crucial, as timely treatment can help preserve remaining vision.
Risk factors for age-related macular degeneration include increasing age, family history, smoking, poor diet, high blood pressure, diabetes, and prolonged exposure to sunlight. Many patients mistakenly assume that vision changes are a normal part of ageing and delay eye examinations , which can result in missed opportunities for early intervention.
Although age-related macular degeneration cannot be completely cured, early diagnosis and proper management can slow progression and help maintain functional vision. Management depends on the type and stage of AMD and may include lifestyle changes, nutritional supplements, regular monitoring, and advanced retinal treatments in selected cases. Regular eye check-ups after the age of 50 play a key role in detecting AMD before significant vision loss occurs.
People often search online for macular degeneration symptoms, central vision loss in elderly, AMD treatment options, or retinal disease after 50 when vision problems begin. Awareness about AMD helps patients seek timely eye care and take proactive steps to protect their vision.
At EyeLens Hospital, emphasis is placed on early detection, detailed retinal evaluation, and personalised management of age-related macular degeneration to help patients preserve vision and quality of life as they age.
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