5. Bioinspiration: From Nature to Technology by S. C. Stier

1. The text analyzes the process of transforming natural regularities of the world into social technological standards. The author introduces a distinction between event-based time (T_0), rooted in the biological rhythms of the organism and chronobiology, and measurable time (T_1), which is an abstract cultural convention. The article indicates that although the human organism functioned as a biological clock long before the invention of measuring devices, it was only the technological partitioning of the day that enabled complex social and economic synchronization. By citing examples of the Amondawa and Hopi peoples, the text emphasizes that the numerical calendar system is not universal, but constitutes a specific cultural technology that changed how humans function in a world of sequential events.