5. J. Fishkin's Deliberative Polling: Method and Practice

1. The article analyzes James S. Fishkin's Deliberative Polling as an advanced cognitive experiment that goes beyond the framework of ordinary public consultations. The main goal of the method is to estimate the counterfactual state of public opinion—that is, how citizens would vote if they had access to reliable knowledge and balanced arguments. The author describes a research process based on T1 and T2 measurements, emphasizing the importance of informational intervention and moderated discussions. The text discusses methodological rigors in detail, such as random sampling, stratification, and the role of experts, while simultaneously pointing to challenges related to sample representativeness and the risk of participant selection (non-response bias), making this method a precise diagnostic tool in the service of democracy.