Features of capitalism and its critique: towards a map of conflicts

This text provides an in-depth analysis of capitalism, understood not as a collection of random institutions, but as a coherent, repetitive structure based on the logic of profit and accumulation. The authors map contemporary economic conflicts, examining the mechanisms of value drain, the asymmetry of necessity, and the role of private property. The article combines classical approaches from Marx and Smith with the modern perspectives of Piketty and Stiglitz. Particular emphasis is placed on the ecological dimension in the context of the law of entropy and invisible care work, crucial to the reproduction of labor in feminist theory. The work is complemented by an analysis of the aporia of Keynesianism and the challenges posed by full employment policies in the era of financialization and neoliberalism. This is a compendium of knowledge on the structural conditions of the contemporary market economy.