The architecture of real agency in design ethics

The text analyzes the concept of real agency within the context of Jeffrey Bulger's design ethics, contrasting a utilitarian approach to benefits with the principles of distributive justice. The author refers to John Rawls' theory and his "veil of ignorance" to demonstrate that a project's success should not be measured by average gains, but by the situation of the least privileged individuals. A key element is the introduction of Amartya Sen's capability approach, which distinguishes formal access to resources from the actual ability to utilize them. Through an analysis of conversion factors, the article argues that true inclusivity requires systemic design that accounts for structural and social barriers, rather than merely superficial infrastructural accessibility.