The Labyrinth of Justice: From Kołakowski to Contemporary Poland

This article provides an in-depth analysis of the concept of justice, leading the reader from Leszek Kołakowski's skeptical remarks to the contemporary dilemmas of the Polish institutional system. The author juxtaposes classic theories, such as John Rawls's 'veil of ignorance,' with the practical challenges of wealth redistribution and bureaucratic transparency. The text examines how these philosophical foundations translate into tax law, education, and everyday social relations. Particular attention is paid to the mechanisms of resentment and envy, which often block the construction of a stable society based on reciprocity. This critical look at the Polish reality through the lens of Michael Walzer's spheres of justice encourages reflection on whether procedural justice is even achievable in a world governed by the vagaries of supply and demand.