The Limits of Liberal Democracy and the Legacy of the Enlightenment

This text provides an in-depth analysis of the philosophical foundations of contemporary liberal democracy in the context of the Enlightenment's legacy. The author argues that a system based solely on procedures and axiological neutrality cannot survive without being rooted in cultural identity and the "myth of brotherhood." The article confronts French radicalism with the evolutionary American model, pointing to the crucial role of community of fate and civic religion. By invoking concepts such as homonoia and mos maiorum, the author challenges modern political rationalism, arguing that state stability depends on metapolitical factors, which contemporary social engineering often ignores. This is an important voice in the debate on the identity crisis in Western societies.