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Prarthana
Prarthana

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JavaScript Overview

Here’s a simple overview of JavaScript for students:

What is JavaScript?

JavaScript is a programming language used to create dynamic and interactive content on websites. It's one of the core technologies of the web, along with HTML and CSS.

Why Learn JavaScript?

  • Interactivity: JavaScript makes web pages interactive. For example, when you click a button or play a video, JavaScript is at work.
  • Versatility: It can be used on both the client-side (in the browser) and server-side (using Node.js).
  • Popularity: JavaScript is one of the most popular programming languages, widely used in web development.

Basic Concepts

  • Variables: Used to store data. Declared using let, const, or var. 
  let name = "John"; // String
  const age = 25; // Number
  var isStudent = true; // Boolean
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  • Data Types: Common data types include strings, numbers, booleans, arrays, and objects. 
  let fruits = ["apple", "banana", "cherry"]; // Array
  let person = { name: "John", age: 25 }; // Object
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  • Operators: Symbols used to perform operations on variables and values. Examples include + (addition), - (subtraction), * (multiplication), and / (division).

Functions

Functions are blocks of code designed to perform specific tasks. They help organize code and make it reusable.

  function greet(name) {
    return "Hello, " + name + "!";
  }
  console.log(greet("Alice")); // Output: Hello, Alice!
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Control Structures

  • Conditional Statements: Used to perform different actions based on different conditions. 
  let age = 18;
  if (age >= 18) {
    console.log("You are an adult.");
  } else {
    console.log("You are a minor.");
  }
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  • Loops: Used to repeat a block of code. 
  for (let i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
    console.log(i); // Output: 0 1 2 3 4
  }
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DOM Manipulation

JavaScript can interact with the Document Object Model (DOM) to change the content and structure of web pages.

  document.getElementById("myElement").innerHTML = "New Content";
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Event Handling

JavaScript can respond to user actions like clicks, keypresses, and mouse movements.

  document.getElementById("myButton").addEventListener("click", function() {
    alert("Button clicked!");
  });
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Modern JavaScript (ES6)

  • Let and Const: Block-scoped variable declarations. 
  let score = 100;
  const pi = 3.14;
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  • Arrow Functions: Shorter syntax for functions. 
  const add = (a, b) => a + b;
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  • Template Literals: String literals allowing embedded expressions. 
  let name = "Alice";
  console.log(`Hello, ${name}!`); // Output: Hello, Alice!
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Conclusion

JavaScript is a powerful and essential tool for web development. By learning JavaScript, you can create interactive and dynamic web pages that enhance user experience.

I hope this overview helps you get started with JavaScript! Happy coding! 🚀💻

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