C and C++ allow developers to allocate memory for use, but don't stop the developer from writing outside that memory allocation, they let developers "draw outside the lines". A memory safe programming language hides all memory allocation (and deallocation) from the developer, making sure they always "draw inside the lines".
Using the drawing metaphor. You (program a) allocate a firetruck drawing to color in, and someone else (program b) allocates a pool drawing to color in. The teacher (operating system) put these side by side with no gap. You start coloring your fire truck red. As you work, you find that there is now blue in your firetruck, the other person drew outside the lines (didn't use a memory safe programming language) so now your firetruck is compromised with color (data) that was drawn outside the pool (buffer overrun).
Best case, you just get a new firetruck (restart your program), worst case, you find the other person used their permanent blue marker to draw every where, even on the teacher (operating system) so now the entire school has to be shut down.
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C and C++ allow developers to allocate memory for use, but don't stop the developer from writing outside that memory allocation, they let developers "draw outside the lines". A memory safe programming language hides all memory allocation (and deallocation) from the developer, making sure they always "draw inside the lines".
Using the drawing metaphor. You (program a) allocate a firetruck drawing to color in, and someone else (program b) allocates a pool drawing to color in. The teacher (operating system) put these side by side with no gap. You start coloring your fire truck red. As you work, you find that there is now blue in your firetruck, the other person drew outside the lines (didn't use a memory safe programming language) so now your firetruck is compromised with color (data) that was drawn outside the pool (buffer overrun).
Best case, you just get a new firetruck (restart your program), worst case, you find the other person used their permanent blue marker to draw every where, even on the teacher (operating system) so now the entire school has to be shut down.