s multiple substrates.
This study aimed to investigate the influence of residual β-cell function on counterregulatory hormonal responses to hypoglycemia during acute physical exercise in people with type 1 diabetes (T1D). A secondary aim was to explore relationships between biomarkers of pancreatic β-cell function and indices of glycemia following acute exercise including the nocturnal period.
This study involved an exploratory, secondary analysis of data from individuals with T1D who partook in a four-peroid, randomized, cross-over trial involving a bout of evening exercise followed by an overnight stay in a clinical laboratory facility. Participants were split into two groups (i) a stimulated C-peptide level of ≥30 pmol⋅L-1 (low-level secretors [LLS], n = 6) or (ii) <30 pmol⋅L-1 (microsecretors [MS], n = 10). Pancreatic hormones (C-peptide, proinsulin, and glucagon), catecholamines (epinephrine [EPI] and norepinephrine [NE]), and metabolic biomarkers (blood glucose, blood lactate, and β-hydroxybutyrate) were measured at remic outcomes during and after exercise in people with T1D.
Higher residual β-cell function was associated with greater sympathoadrenal and ketonic responses to exercise-induced hypoglycemia as well as improved glycemia leading into and throughout the nocturnal hours. Even a minimal amount of residual β-cell function confers a beneficial effect on glycemic outcomes during and after exercise in people with T1D.
Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) affects more women than men. Menopause may influence HFpEF development in women. this website We assessed cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between menopause and echocardiographic measures of left ventricular (LV) function and cardiac remodeling.
We studied 1,723 women with available echo data from at least two of year 5 (Y5) (1990-1991), Y25 (2010-2011), or Y30 (2015-2016) in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults study. Cardiac structure and function were measured using 2D and Doppler echocardiography. Cross-sectional associations between menopausal status and repeated echo measures at Y25 and Y30 were analyzed using linear mixed models. Two-segmented models were used to compare longitudinal changes in echocardiographic measures in the premenopausal period to changes in the postmenopausal period.
Mean ± SD age (years) at enrollment was 27 ± 3 in those with menopause by Y25, 25 ± 3 in those with menopause between Y25 and Y30, and 21 ± 3 in those premenopausal at Y30. There were no significant differences in race, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, or diabetes between the groups. Postmenopausal women had higher early diastolic mitral inflow (E) to annular (e') velocity ratio than premenopausal after adjusting for demographics and risk factors (P < 0.05). Menopause was associated with relative increases in the rates of change in LV mass and left atrial volume, even after adjustment. Change in E/e' ratio was similar before and after menopause.
Menopause is associated cross-sectionally with worse diastolic function and longitudinally with adverse LV and left atrial remodeling. This may contribute to the increased HFpEF risk in postmenopausal women.
Menopause is associated cross-sectionally with worse diastolic function and longitudinally with adverse LV and left atrial remodeling. This may contribute to the increased HFpEF risk in postmenopausal women.Video Summaryhttp//links.lww.com/MENO/A787.
MP-TSCPC in a 120-s setting reduces IOP with a 6-month success of 45.5%. Only late (>6▒mo) failure seem to present a benefit for retreatment.
To assess micropulse transscleral cyclophotocoagulation (MP-TSCPC) efficacy, safety, factors of success and re-treatment benefit in open angle glaucoma (OAG).
A retrospective consecutive case-series study. We included patients with OAG who were naive of a cycloablative procedure and underwent MP-TSCPC at 2000▒mW for 120 s between May 1, 2017 and October 31, 2019. Success was defined as intraocular pressure (IOP) >5 and ≤21▒mmHg with IOP reduction ≥20% from baseline, without any re-treatment and visual acuity better than negative light perception. MP-TSCPC re-treatment was early and late, before and after 6 months postoperatively, respectively.
We included 94 eyes in 94 patients (mean [SD] age 67.2 [13.4] years; 47.9% women). The mean preoperative IOP was 24.9 [7.1] mmHg and was reduced to 18.9 [6.3] at month 6 (P<0.0001). The success rate decreased prog ciliary-body location are required to find the best risk-benefit protocol.
Ocular biomechanics were compared between treated glaucoma patients and healthy subjects matched for age, IOP, and axial length. There was no difference in corneal wave propagation speed, but ocular rigidity was lower in glaucomatous eyes.
Ocular biomechanical properties are important in understanding glaucoma pathogenesis but the affected tissues are unclear. In this study, we compared corneal wave speed (a measure of corneal elasticity) and ocular rigidity coefficient between glaucomatous and normal eyes.
Twenty glaucomatous eyes from 10 patients and 20 normal eyes from 13 controls, matched for age, intraocular pressure (IOP), and axial length were included. Ocular rigidity was calculated based on the difference in supine IOP by pneumatonometry with and without a 10-g weight. Corneal wave speed was determined by ultrasound surface wave elastography. A small, 0.1 s harmonic vibration at 100▒Hz was generated through the closed eyelids. Wave propagation was captured by an ultrasound transducer, and wave ngth. However, the lack of a difference in corneal wave speed suggests that corneal tissue may not be significantly affected, and scleral changes likely plays a more important role in glaucoma.
To determine the 12-year incidence of open-angle glaucoma (OAG), with further classification into primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and pseudoexfoliative glaucoma (PEXG), in an elderly Caucasian population.
Longitudinal, population-based study in urban Northern Greece.
Surviving cohort of the 2554 Thessaloniki Eye Study subjects ≥60 years old who had the baseline examination.
The surviving cohort was re-examined 12 years after baseline, using the same methodology and the same standard operating procedures as in the baseline examination. The definitions of glaucoma and pseudoexfoliation were consistent throughout the study. The 12-year incidence of OAG, POAG and PEXG with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated for the whole study population, consisting of clinic-visit and home-visit participants. The population at risk was defined as those who did not meet the study criteria for the diagnosis of glaucoma in either eye at baseline.
12-year incidence of OAG, with further classification into POAG and PEXG.this website
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