Classes and Objects in Java

In Java, classes and objects form the foundation of Object-Oriented Programming (OOP). They help model real-world entities and organise code in a structured way.

A class is a blueprint used to create objects that share common properties and behaviour.
An object is an instance of a class. It represents a specific entity created from the class template.

Classes

A class in Java defines a new data type that can include fields (variables) and methods to define the behaviour of the objects created from the class.

class ClassName {
    // Fields
    dataType fieldName;

    // Constructor
    ClassName(parameters) {
        //Initialise fields
    }

    // Methods
    returnType methodName(parameters) {
        // Method body
    }
}

• ClassName: The name of the class.
• fieldName: Variables that hold the state of the class.
• Constructor: A special method used to initialise objects.
• methodName: Functions defined within the class to perform actions.

Objects

An object is an instance of a class. It is created using the new keyword followed by the class constructor.

Syntax

ClassName objectName = new ClassName(arguments);

Difference between Local Variable and Global variables:

*Quick Comparison Table: What is static and non-static in Java *