An introduction to Database - swapnakpanda

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An introduction to

 ➤  Database
 ➤  DBMS
      ❍  SQL
      ❍  NoSQL
 ➤  DBaaS

A beginner-friendly guide.

⇩

➊ What is Data?

Data are
❯ individual facts
❯ statistics
❯ items of information

➊.➀ Relationship with a Program and Software

All the software can be divided into two major categories.

➤ Program
➤ Data

Programs are collections of instructions that are used to manipulate data.

➊.➁ Data Categories

Data can be broadly categorized into 3 categories based on its format.

➤ Structured
➤ Unstructured
➤ Semi-Structured

➊.➁.➀ Structured Data

⬘ Structured Data aka "Quantitative Data" is the data which
❯ has a well-defined structure
❯ conforms to a data model
❯ can be easily accessed and, used

⬗ Structured data accounts for only about 20% of data.

⬙ Examples: Name, Address

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➊.➁.➁ Unstructured Data

⬘ Unstructured Data aka "Qualitative Data" is the data which
❯ does not have any predefined data model
❯ cannot be processed by conventional tools

⬗ Unstructured data accounts for about 80% of data.

⬙ Examples: Text Files, Audio/Videos

➊.➁.➂ Semi-structured Data

⬘ Semi-structured data is the “bridge” between structured and unstructured data.

⬗ It does not have a predefined data model and is more complex than structured data, yet easier to store than unstructured data.

⬙ Mostly in JSON/XML/CSV formats.

➋ What is a Database?

A database is ❝anorganizedd collection of data❞

❯ stored in a computer system so that
❯ it can be easily accessed and managed

➋.➀ Database Model

⬘ A database model is a data model that determines the logical structure of a database.

⬗ It fundamentally determines how data can be stored, organized, and manipulated.

⬙ One popular database model is the relational model, which uses a table-based format.

⬖ Other types of models include

➤  Document (JSON/XML)
➤  Key-Value
➤  Wide Column
➤  Graph
➤  Time Series 

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➌ What is DBMS?

⬘ DBMS stands for Database Management System.

⬗ DBMS is the software that is used to manage a database (whereas a database is for storage).

⬙ A DBMS interacts with
❯ end users
❯ applications
❯ database

⬖ A DBMS would typically take care of

❯  AuthN & AuthZ
❯  Create, Modify, Delete Database
❯  Create, Modify, Delete Database Objects
❯  Create, Modify, Delete Data
❯  Query Data
❯  Handle transactions 

➌.➀ DBMS Categories

⬘ Broadly DBMS are categorized into

➤  Relational DBMS (RDBMS)
➤  NoSQL

⬗ RDBMS handles relational models and manages structured data.

⬙ NoSQL comes with various database models and manages both unstructured and semi-structured data.

➌.➁ Examples

➍ What is DBaaS?

Database-as-a-Service (DBaaS) is a ❝managed cloud service model❞

that lets users and companies

❯ easily access database services

without worrying about

❯ managing software or infrastructure.

➍.➀ How does DBaaS work?

⬘ DBaaS providers host all your database infrastructure and data while enabling access through API endpoints.

⬙ The provider is responsible for
❯ Rapid Provisioning
❯ Scalability
❯ Failover
❯ Resiliency
❯ Backup
etc.

➍.➁ Examples

➤  MongoDB Atlas
➤  Amazon RDS
➤  Firestore
➤  Fauna
➤  Supabase 

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