I started writing software in 1984. Over the years I worked with many languages, technologies, and tools. I have been in leadership positions since the early 2000s, and in executive roles since 2014.
A scripting language is interpreted at run-time. A compiled language is interpreted at compile time. When you run a script on a machine, the CPU spends a great amount of its processing power reading and understanding your code. When you run a compiled program, the CPU executes it directly without wasting any time.
That's why C and Go are fast and Ruby is slow.
Then, there is Java. In that case, there is still an interpreter involved, but the interpreter is much simpler and executes virtualized bytecode. Java is in between an interpreted language and a purely compiled language.
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A scripting language is interpreted at run-time. A compiled language is interpreted at compile time. When you run a script on a machine, the CPU spends a great amount of its processing power reading and understanding your code. When you run a compiled program, the CPU executes it directly without wasting any time.
That's why C and Go are fast and Ruby is slow.
Then, there is Java. In that case, there is still an interpreter involved, but the interpreter is much simpler and executes virtualized bytecode. Java is in between an interpreted language and a purely compiled language.