The IO package provides the basic interface to the original I/O language. It mainly wraps up the existing implementations of these original languages.
Since these interface-wrapped I/O originals are implemented by different low-level operations, their parallel execution should not be assumed to be safe until stated otherwise.
One of the most important interfaces in an IO package is the Reader interface. The Reader interface is defined as follows.
type Reader interface {
Read(p []byte) (n int, err error)
}
The Reader interface's method set (Method_sets) contains only one Read method, so all types that implement the Read method satisfy the io.Reader interface, that is, instances of types that implement the Read() method can be passed wherever io.Reader is required.
Below, let's talk about the usage of this interface through specific examples.
func ReadFrom(reader io.Reader, num int) ([]byte, error) {
p := make([]byte, num)
n, err := reader.Read(p)
if n > 0 {
return p[:n], nil
}
return p, err
}
Reader as an argument, i.e., ReadFrom can read data from anywhere, as long as the source implements the io.Reader interface. For example, we can read data from standard inputs, files, strings, etc. The example code is as follows.
data, err = ReadFrom(os.Stdin, 11)
data, err = ReadFrom(file, 9)
data, err = ReadFrom(strings.NewReader("from string"), 12)
So you can do things like:
package main
import (
"fmt"
"io"
"os"
)
func ReadFrom(reader io.Reader, num int) ([]byte, error) {
p := make([]byte, num)
n, err := reader.Read(p)
if n > 0 {
return p[:n], nil
}
return p, err
}
func main() {
fmt.Println("Hello, World!")
// read from terminal
data, err := ReadFrom(os.Stdin, 11)
if err != nil {
fmt.Println(data)
}
// read from file
file, err := os.Open("./z.go")
if err != nil {
fmt.Println("Error opening file:", err)
}
data, err = ReadFrom(file, 9)
fmt.Println(data)
file.Close()
}
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