Overview of the Tool
NPM is the default package manager for Node.js. It enables developers to install, publish, and manage reusable libraries, commonly referred to as packages or modules. Regardless of whether a team is building front-end applications, backend services, or microservices, NPM provides access to an extensive ecosystem of packages that streamline development and minimize redundant work.
Key Features
Dependency Management
NPM automatically installs, updates, and resolves package versions, minimizing compatibility issues within applications.
Extensive Registry
The NPM registry offers millions of open-source packages that help developers accelerate development and avoid reinventing tools.
Script Automation
NPM scripts provide a straightforward method to automate tasks such as testing, building, linting, and deployment.
Security Audits
The npm audit functionality identifies vulnerabilities within dependencies and recommends remediation steps, supporting DevSecOps practices.
Package Publishing
Organizations and developers can publish private or public packages to promote sharing and collaboration.
How It Fits into DevOps / DevSecOps
NPM plays a vital role in modern DevOps workflows, particularly in CI/CD environments. It enables:
automated dependency installation during build and test stages
seamless integration with CI systems like GitHub Actions, Jenkins, and GitLab CI
the reduction of manual steps through NPM scripts
improved security posture by incorporating npm audit into pipelines
In DevSecOps, dependency-level security assessments are essential. NPM’s auditing capabilities enable teams to detect vulnerabilities earlier in the development cycle, rather than reacting after deployment.
Programming Language
NPM is written primarily in JavaScript using Node.js. Packages published to NPM are typically developed in JavaScript or TypeScript, although other languages may be used depending on the runtime environment.
Parent Company of the Tool
NPM was originally created by Isaac Z. Schlueter. It is currently owned and maintained by GitHub, which is itself a subsidiary of Microsoft. Therefore, the corporate ownership path is npm, Inc., acquired by GitHub, and ultimately under Microsoft.
Whether It Is Open Source or Paid
NPM is open-source and free to use for public package management. It also offers commercial plans, such as NPM Pro, Teams, and Enterprise, which include private package hosting, advanced security features, and collaboration tools. The core functionality remains free, while additional enterprise-level features are subscription-based.
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