CHARSET
A character set refers to the composite number of different characters that are being used and supported by a computer software and hardware. It consists of codes, bit pattern or natural numbers used in defining some particular character.
A character set may also be referred to as character map, charset or character code
A character set is created through a process known as encoding i.e. each character is assigned with a unique code or value.
ASCII characters set is one of the most popular character sets used by general computers to display text or numbers on computer screen
ASCII
ASCII is an abbreviation of American Standard Code For Information Interchange, a standard data-transmission code that is used by smaller and less-powerful computers to represent both textual data (letters, numbers, and punctuation marks) and noninput-device commands (control characters).
It is a character encoding that uses numeric codes to represent characters.
Standard ASCII
Standard ASCII can represent 128 characters. It uses 7 bits to represent each character since the first bit of the byte is always 0. For Example, a capital "T" is represented by 84, or 01010100 in binary. A lowercase "t" is represented by 116 or 01110100 in binary. For example, the Escape key (ESC) is 27 in ASCII and the Delete key (DEL) is 127.
UNICODE
Unicode is a universal character encoding standard that assigns a code to every character and symbol in every language in the world. Since no other encoding standard supports all languages, Unicode is the only encoding standard that ensures that you can retrieve or combine data using any combination of languages
REFERENCES
https://techterms.com/definition/ascii
https://www.techopedia.com/definition/941/character-set
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