Constructor and Encapsulation

Constructor init()

• init() is a special method that is automatically called when an object is created.

class Student:

    def __init__(self, name, age):
        self.name = name
        self.age = age

student1 = Student("Punitha", 22)

print(student1.name)
print(student1.age)

Output:
Punitha
22

What is self?

• self refers to the current object.

class Student:

    def __init__(self, name, age):
        self.name = name
        self.age = age

Encapsulation

• Encapsulation means combining data and methods inside a class and controlling access to the data.

class BankAccount:

    def __init__(self, balance):
        self.__balance = balance

    def show_balance(self):
        print(self.__balance)

account = BankAccount(5000)

account.show_balance()

Output:
5000

• self.__balance
• uses __, which is commonly used for a private member.