SQL Operators

What are SQL Operators?

• SQL Operators are symbols or keywords used to perform operations on data and compare values in SQL queries.

Arithmetic Operators

• Arithmetic operators are used to perform mathematical calculations.

Operator     Description

  +           Addition
  -           Substraction
  *           Multiplication
  /           Division
  %           Modulus

Comparison Operators

• Comparison operators compare two values.

Operator        Description

   =             Equal to
   >             Greater than
   <             Less than
   >=            Greater than or equal to
   <=            Less than or equal to
   <> or !=      Not equal to

Logical Operators

• Logical operators combine multiple conditions.

Operator    Description

  AND       Both conditions must be true
  OR        At least one condition must be true
  NOT       Reverses the condition

IN Operator

• The IN operator checks whether a value matches any value in a list.

SELECT *
FROM table_name
WHERE column_table IN (value1, value2);

SELECT *
FROM Employee
WHERE Department IN ('IT','HR')

BETWEEN Operator

• The BETWEEN operator selects value within a range.

SELECT *
FROM Employee
WHERE Salary BETWEEN 30000 AND 60000;

LIKE Operator

• The LIKE operator searches for a specific pattern in text.

SELECT *
FROM Employee
WHERE Name LIKE 'p%';

IS NULL Operator

• The IS NULL operator checks for empty (NULL) values.

SELECT *
FROM Employee
WHERE Email IS NULL;