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The crystallization behaviours of amorphous poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) nanocompositesmodified with two different kinds of molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂) at different filler loadings were investigated in detail in this work. The crystallinity, melting temperature and crystallization temperature of the PVDF/MoS₂ nanocomposites were transformed from α-phase to β-phase with the addition of MoS₂, MoS₂-COOH and MoS₂-NH₂. During isothermal cold crystallization, the overall crystallization rate of PVDF was slowed with increased MoS₂ loading relative to that of neat PVDF. Moreover, the crystallization temperature of the PVDF nanocomposites increased with the addition of MoS₂ despite the cooling rate during nonisothermal cold crystallization. DMA tests showed that the storage modulus of PVDF was decreased with the addition of MoS₂, while those of PVDF/MoS₂-COOH and PVDF/MoS₂-NH₂ were enhanced to different degrees. The decomposition of the PVDF/MoS₂ nanocomposites were also discussed. Relative to neat PVDF, the thermal stability of PVDF was obviously improved with the addition of MoS₂, MoS₂-COOH and MoS₂-NH₂, which could be ascribed to the increased degree of crystallinity.Herein, sputtering duration and annealing temperature effects on the structure and local electronic structure of MgO thin films were studied using synchrotron radiation based X-ray diffraction and X-ray absorption spectroscopic investigations. These films were grown at substrate temperature of 350 °C by varying sputtering duration from 25 min to 324 min in radio frequency (RF) sputtering method followed by post-deposition annealing at 400, 600 and 700 °C for 3 h. These films were amorphous upto certain sputtering durations, typically upto 144 min and attains crystallization thereafter. This kind of behavior was observed at all annealing temperature. The textured coefficient of crystalline films envisaged that the orientation was affected by annealing temperature. Coordination of Mg2+ ions was more distorted in amorphous films compared to crystalline films. Moreover, onset of molecular oxygen are absorbed at low annealing temperature on these films.Herein we report the existence of biaxial strain in swift heavy ion irradiated Molybdenum disulfide (Mos₂) as confirmed from Raman spectroscopic measurement and computational study. Defect induced external strain modifies the electronic structure and phonon frequency of the material. In this work, chemically exfoliated Mos₂ nanosheets have been exposed to 70 MeV Ni+7 ion irradiation from varying fluence. The Raman spectra reveal that the defect induced LA(M) peak (longitudinal acoustic mode of Phonon at M point) evolves linearly with ion fluence, besides that several other new peaks appear and become visible in Raman spectra thus relaxing Raman fundamental selection rule. Theoretically, simulated Phonon dispersion also supports the fact that tensile strain results in the red shifting of the Raman peak position. The increment of the defect induced LA(M) peak intensity with increasing ion fluence could be a measure of defect quantitatively. This study will be beneficial in the application of external strain to engineer properties of Mos₂ as well as understanding the degree of strain inside it quantitatively.UV light driven photoelectric properties of ZnO film to humidity were researched. ZnO film was prepared through the method of screen printing sustained on Al₂O₃ substrate. ZnO was characterized by XRD, FE-SEM and EDX. The time-dependent UV light driven photoelectric properties of ZnO were investigated by exposing it to different bias voltages and different relative humidity (20% RH, 40% RH, 60% RH and 80% RH). On one hand, the photoelectric properties of ZnO increased with the augmenting of bias voltage, which shows that a higher bias causes more separation of carriers. On the other hand, the photocurrent decreased with the increase in relative humidity, which shows that bigger humidity results in smaller photoelectric property. To discuss these results, corresponding possible illustrations for the photoelectric properties under different conditions were proposed.Magnetic Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe₂O₄/ZnO-R (NZFO/ZnO-R) nanocomposites are prepared via the rapid combustion-coprecipitation process, and they are characterized by the Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), the X-ray Diffraction (XRD), the Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), the Energy Dispersive X-ray Detector (EDX), the Specific Surface Area (BET), the UV-vis Diffuse Reflection Spectroscopy (DRS), and the Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM). The photocatalytic activity of NZFO/ZnO-R nanocomposites is assessed in ultraviolet light (365 nm) by decoloration of methylene blue (MB). The results show that the magnetic NZFO/ZnO-0.2 nanocomposites consist of particles and rods. The size of particles is 18 nm. selleck inhibitor The width and length of rods are 66 nm and 198 nm, respectively. NZFO/ZnO-0.5 nanocomposites have better photocatalytic performance than that of NZFO, ZnO and NZFO/ZnO-R (R = 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.6, or 0.7) from the results. Through careful investigation of influencing parameters (the amount of catalysts, pH and concentration of MB solution), the degradation efficiency of MB is closely connected with the transparency of solution and surface charge of catalysts. The enhanced photocatalytic activity of NZFO/ZnO-0.5 nanocomposites can be ascribed to the matching band positions between ZnO and NZFO, which results in a low recombination between the photogenerated electron-hole pairs. The possible mechanism is proposed for the improved ultraviolet photocatalytic activity of NZFO/ZnO-0.5 nanocomposites.With unique 2D nanostructures and excellent properties, graphene and its derivatives are a class of advanced nanosized reinforcements for cementitious materials. Sulfonated graphene (SG), one of the most important modified graphene materials, possesses sulfonate groups on the surface and significantly improves the mechanical and thermal properties of cement-based composites. It is important to investigate the influence of SG on cement-based materials as it is a prerequisite for practical applications. Herein, SG was prepared and introduced into cement paste to investigate its influence on the rheological properties of cement paste. With the increased addition of SG, a stable slurry was gradually obtained with low fluidity and high rheological parameters. The mechanism of the SG effect on the rheological properties of cement paste was also illustrated. Because of the high specific surface area and sulfonate groups of SG nanosheets, a large amount of flocculated structure was created by the complexing effect, chemical interaction, physical interaction and mechanical interlocking between SG and hydrated/unhydrated cement particles.selleck inhibitor