SELENIUM

WHAT IS SELENIUM?
Selenium is an open source automation testing tool used to automate web applications. It allows testers to simulates real user actions on a browser which are:

*Opening a website
*Clicking buttons and links
*Entering text in input fields
*Submitting forms
*Validating UI behavior

Selenium Components:
*Selenium Web Driver-It automates browsers
*Selenium IDE-It record and playback too
*Selenium Grid-Run tests in parallel on multiple machines

WHY DO WE USE SELENIUM?
Selenium offers many advantages:
1.Open source and free - No license cost
2.Supports multiple Browsers - Chrome, Firefox, Edge and safari
3.Supports multiple Languages - Python, c#, Java script, Ruby
4.Cross-Platform - It works on windows, mac-OS and Linux
5.Real browser Interaction - Tests the application exactly as a real user
6.Easy Integration - It works well with Testing frameworks like
-->Pytest
-->unittest
-->Behave(BDD)
-->Integrates with CI/CD tools(Jenkins, Github actions)
7.Strong Community Support - Huge documentation and online help

Relevance of Selenium in Automation Testing Using Python:
Simple & Readable Syntax
Python code is easy to write and understand
Faster automation development
Powerful Test Frameworks
PyTest → fixtures, reports, parallel execution
Unittest → built-in framework
Behave → BDD approach
Easy Maintenance
Less code → easier updates when UI changes
Supports Modern Automation Concepts
Page Object Model (POM)
Data-Driven Testing
Keyword-Driven Testing
Ideal for Agile & CI/CD
Python Selenium scripts can be triggered automatically in pipelines

Real-Time Use of Selenium in Automation Testing:
*Login pages
*E-Commerce flows(add to cart, checkout)
*Form Validation
*Regression Testing
*Smoke and Sanity Testing
*Cross-browser Testing