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Ranjith srt
Ranjith srt

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Bootcamp 1 - Html

Boilerplate tags in HTML refer to the basic structure and elements that are commonly included at the beginning of an HTML document. These tags set up the essential framework for creating a webpage. Here’s a breakdown of the main boilerplate tags:

Basic Boilerplate Tags:

1.<!DOCTYPE html>:
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This declaration tells the browser that the document is an HTML5 document. It's important for ensuring that the browser renders the page correctly.

<!DOCTYPE html>
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 2.<html>: 
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The root element of the HTML document. All other elements (except for the <!DOCTYPE> declaration) must be nested within this tag.

<html lang="en">
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3.<head>
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Contains meta-information about the HTML document, such as the title, character set, links to stylesheets, and scripts.

<head>
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4.<meta charset="UTF-8">:
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Defines the character encoding for the document. UTF-8 is the most common character encoding, supporting many languages and symbols.

<meta charset="UTF-8">

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5.<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">:
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This meta tag is essential for responsive design. It tells the browser to control the page's dimensions and scaling based on the device's width.

<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">

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6.<title>:
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Sets the title of the webpage, which appears in the browser tab and is important for SEO (Search Engine Optimization).

<title>My Web Page Title</title>
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7.<body>:
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Contains the content of the webpage, including text, images, links, and other elements that users see and interact with.

<body>
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Example of a Complete HTML Boilerplate

Boilerplate:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>My First Web Page</title>
</head>
<body>
    <h1>Welcome to My Web Page!</h1>
    <p>This is my first paragraph.</p>
</body>
</html>

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Explanation of Each Part


<!DOCTYPE html>: 
Ensures that the document is interpreted as HTML5.

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<html lang="en">: Sets the language of the document to English, which is important for accessibility and search engines.
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<head>: Contains elements that don't display directly on the page but provide essential information for browsers and search engines.
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<meta charset="UTF-8">: Ensures the document handles characters from different languages correctly.
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<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">: Helps with responsive design so the webpage looks good on all devices.
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<title>: The text that appears in the browser tab.
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<body>: Contains the content displayed on the webpage.
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Summary

These boilerplate tags form the backbone of any HTML document. Including them ensures that your webpage is properly structured, accessible, and looks good across different devices. As you start building more complex pages, you'll modify and add to this basic structure. 
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1.Heading Tags:

The HTML heading tags are used to define headings on a webpage. There are six different heading tags, from <h1> to <h6>, where <h1> defines the most important heading, and <h6> defines the least important.

Here's a quick explanation of each:

<h1>: This is the largest and most important heading, usually used for the main title of the page.
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<h2>: This is slightly smaller than <h1>, used for subheadings.
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<h3>: This is used for sub-subheadings, and so on.
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<h4>: Used for smaller headings within sections.
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<h5>: This is even smaller, used for less important headings.
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<h6>: The smallest heading, used for very minor headings.
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Here’s an example of how heading tags look in HTML:

Headings:

<h1>This is Heading 1</h1>
<h2>This is Heading 2</h2>
<h3>This is Heading 3</h3>
<h4>This is Heading 4</h4>
<h5>This is Heading 5</h5>
<h6>This is Heading 6</h6>

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2.Paragraphs (<p> tag):


<p>This is a paragraph of text. Paragraphs are used to separate blocks of content and make it easier to read.</p>
<p>Here is another paragraph. You can add as many as you want to your webpage.</p>

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3.Links (<a> tag):


<a href="https://www.example.com">Click here to visit Example.com</a>

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3. Images (<img> tag):


<img src="https://www.example.com/image.jpg" alt="Description of the image">
The src attribute specifies the image’s URL or file path.
The alt attribute provides a text description of the image in case it cannot be displayed.

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<br>
Inserts a line break.

<p>This is some text.<br>This is a new line.</p>
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<hr>

<hr>
Inserts a horizontal rule (a line across the page).
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Container:
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Container tags are the tags that contain some data such as text, image, etc. There are several container tags in HTML.

div tag :
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The div tag or division tag is used to make blocks or divisions in the document.

<div> This is div block </div>
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span tag :

The span is a container for inline content

<span> This is span block </span>
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p tag :

The p tag is used to create a paragraph in HTML

<p> This is a paragraph </p>
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pre tag :

The pre tag represents pre-formatted text

<pre> Hello World </pre>
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code tag :

The code tag is used to represent source codes in HTML

<code>
import python
</code>
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Text Formatting :

Text formatting tags are used to format text or data in HTML documents. You can do certain things like creating italic, bold, and strong text to make your document look more attractive and understandable.

<b> tag :

<b>I'm bold text</b>
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strong> tag :

<strong>I'm important text</strong>
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<i> tag :

<i>I'm italic text</i>
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<em> tag :

<em>Emphasized text</em>
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<sub> tag :

<sub>Subscript</sub>
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<sup> tag :

<sup>Superscript</sup>
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Lists :

Lists can be either numerical, alphabetic, bullet, or other symbols. You can specify list type and list items in HTML for a clean document.

<ol> tag :

The ordered list starts with <ol> tag and each list item starts with an <li> tag

<ol>
    <li>Data 1</li>
    <li>Data 2</li>
    <li>Data 3</li>
</ol>
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<ul> tag :

<ul>
    <li>Your Data</li>
    <li>Your Data</li>
</ul>
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Media :

Media is anything that is present in digital form such as image, video, audio, etc.

<audio> tag :

It is used to embed sound content in the document.

<audio controls>
    <source src="demo.mp3" type="audio/mpeg">
    Your browser does not support the audio element.
</audio>
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<img> tag :

It is used to embed or import images in a webpage.

<img src="Source_of_image" alt="Alternate text">
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<video> tag :

It is used to embed videos on a webpage.

<video width="480" height="320" controls>
    <source src="demo_move.mp4" type="video/mp4">
    Your browser does not support the video tag.
</video>
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Table :

A table is a collection of rows and columns. It is used to represent data in tabular form.

Table Structure :


<table>
    <caption>Demo Table</caption>
    <thead>
        <tr>
            <th>Column1</th>
            <th colspan="2">Column2</th>
        </tr>
    </thead>
    <tbody>
        <tr>
            <td>Data1</td>
            <td>Data2</td>
            <td>Data2</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
            <td>Data1</td>
            <td>Data2</td>
            <td>Data2</td>
        </tr>
    </tbody>
    <tfoot>
        <tr>
            <td>&nbsp;</td>
            <td>Data</td>
            <td>Data</td>
        </tr>
    </tfoot>
</table>
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Links :

Links are clickable text that can redirect you to some other page.

<a> tag :

<a> or anchor tag defines a hyperlink. When clicked, it takes you to some other page.

<a href="https://www.codewithharry.com/">Visit 
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<iframe>
Used to embed another webpage within the current page.

<iframe src="https://www.example.com"></iframe>

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Form :

The form is used to collect the user's input, generally, the user's data is sent to the server for further processing.

<form action="/action.php" method="post"> 
    <textarea cols="20" name="comments" rows="5">Comment</textarea><br />
    <label><input name="terms" type="checkbox" value="tandc" />Accept terms</label> <br />
    <input type="submit" value="Submit" />
</form>
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Form Elements :

We use various input types and buttons inside a form as form elements

Text Input:

<input type="text" name="username" placeholder="Enter Username">
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Password Input :

<input type="password" name="password" placeholder="Enter Password">
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Checkbox :

<input type="checkbox" name="agree" value="yes"> I agree
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Radio Button :

<input type="radio" name="gender" value="male"> Male<br><input type="radio" name="gender" value="female"> Female

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Submit Button :

<input type="submit" value="Submit">
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Button :

<button type="button">Click Me</button>
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Select (Dropdown) List :

<select name="country"><option value="usa">United States</option><option value="canada">Canada</option></select>
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Textarea :

<textarea name="comments" rows="4" cols="50">Enter comments here</textarea>
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File Input :

<input type="file" name="fileupload">
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Range Input :

<input type="range" name="volume" min="0" max="100">
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Number Input :

<input type="number" name="quantity" min="1" max="10">
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Email Input :

<input type="email" name="email" placeholder="Enter Email">
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Search Input :

<input type="search" name="query" placeholder="Search">
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URL Input :

<input type="url" name="website" placeholder="Enter URL">
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Date Input :

<input type="date" name="birthdate">
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Characters & Symbols :

Some symbols are not directly present on the keyboard, but there are some ways to use them in HTML documents. We can display them either by entity name, decimal, or hexadecimal value.

Copyright Symbol (©)

&copy;
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Less than (<)

&lt;
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Greater than (>)

&gt;
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Ampersand (&)

&amp;
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Dollar ($)

&dollar;
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Random Text

lorem
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Elon Musk

Elon Reeve Musk FRS is an entrepreneur and business magnate. He is the founder, CEO, and Chief Engineer at SpaceX; early stage investor, CEO, and Product Architect of Tesla, Inc.; founder of The Boring Company; and co-founder of Neuralink and OpenAI. A centibillionaire, Musk is one of the richest people in the world.

Semantic Elements :

Semantic elements are those that convey their meaning and purpose clearly through their name alone.

<section> tag :

It defines a section in the document

<section>This is a section</section>

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<article> tag :

It represents self-contained content

<article> Enter your data here </article>
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<aside> tag :

It is used to place content in the sidebar

<aside> Your data </aside>
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Meta Tags :

Meta tags define metadata about the document, such as author, description, and keywords.

<meta name="description" content="This is a description of the page">
<meta name="keywords" content="HTML, CSS, JavaScript">
<meta name="author" content="Author Name">
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CSS Integration :

CSS integration can be done to style our HTML document using internal or external CSS.

<style>
  body { background-color: lightblue; }
</style>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
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Accessibility :

Make your webpage accessible to all users with these best practices.

<img src="image.jpg" alt="Description of Image">
<label for="name">Name:</label> <input type="text" id="name" name="name">
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Responsive Design :

Design your webpage to adapt to different screen sizes using CSS media queries.

<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
<style>
  @media (max-width: 600px) {
    body { font-size: 18px; }
  }
</style>
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JavaScript Integration :

Embed JavaScript directly or link to an external file for added functionality.

<script>
  alert('Hello, World!');
</script>
<script src="script.js"></script>
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Comments :

Comments allow you to leave notes in your code, which are ignored by browsers.

<!-- This is a comment -->
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<script>
Used to define client-side JavaScript code.

<script>
  alert("Hello, world!");
</script>
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