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Manual testing.

#manualtesting #testing

** COMMON MANUAL TESTING TECHNIQUES**:
Manual testing is the process of testing a software application without using any automation tools. Like a human tests the software step-by-step to find bugs.
They have some techniques they are :
1. Black box technique,
2. White box technique,
3. Grey box technique.
In black box technique they focuses only on inputs and outputs like;

  • (a) Boundary value analysis BVA

  • (B) Equivalence partitioning

  • (c) Decision table testing

** BOUNDARY VALUE ANALYSIS**:
This analysis used when inputs have ranges, limits and thresholds. For use some boundaries which is following given below;

              1. Lower boundary,
              2. Upper boundary,
              3. Just below the lower boundary,
              4. Just below the upper boundary.
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(FOR EXAMPLE 1):
TEXT BOX ACCEPTS 1 TO 10
VALUE RESULT
0 Fail
1 Pass
2 Pass
9 Pass
10 Pass
11 Fail

( FOR EXAMPLE 2):
ATM WITHDRAWL 500 TO 10,000

        VALUE        RESULT

        499           Fail
        500           Pass
        501           Pass
       9999           Pass
       10,000         Pass
       10,001         Fail.
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( FOR EXAMPLE 3) :
Password create must be 6 to 12 characters

     VALUE              RESULT

     5                  Fail
     6                  Pass
     7                  Pass
    11                  Pass
    12                  Pass
    13                  Fail . These are the examples foe boundary value analysis .
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DECISION TABLE TESTING: 

                 The decision table testing is comes under the black box testing . The output depends on multiple conditions.
                      Conditions, and
                      Possible combination.
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( FOR EXAMPLE 1): LOAN APPROVAL
CONDITION:
Salary : 30,000
CIBIL : 700
SALARY CIBIL RESULT 

         Yes           yes           approved
         yes           no            rejected
         no            yes           rejected
         no            no            rejected
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( FOR EXAMPLE 2) : PASSWORD LOGIN
CONDITION : 1. Password correct
2. User is not blocked

   PASSWORD CORRECT         USER BLOCKED          LOGIN

      NO                        no                 fail
      no                        yes                fail
      yes                       no                  login
      yes                       yes                 fail
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(FOR EXAMPLE 3) : ATM WITHDRAWEL
COMDITIONS : 1. Sufficient balance
2. Correct pin

   SUFFICIENT BALANCE      CORRECT PIN        WITHDRAW

      yes                     yes               valid
      yes                     no               invalid
      no                     yes               invalid
      no                     no                invalid
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THE FUTURE OF MANUAL TESTING IN THE AGE OF AI:
The world full of software testing is rapidly changing driven by the rise of AI and automation. The future isn't a battle between humans and machines. Manual testers are adapting the changes, combining their unique human insights with the power of AI.
# HOW AI MANUAL TESTING CHANGES:
1. HUMAN IDEAS AND IMPORTANCES,
2. AI ASSISTED TESTING,
3. AI ASSISTED SPECIALIST.

HUMAN IDEAS AND IMPORTANCES:
Human can feel AI functionality things that use user experience, intution and creativity.

AI ASSISTED TESTING:
AI assisted test case helps to create, changes and error guessing.

AI ASSISTED SPECIALIST:
It gives some job vacancy like UI and UX testing consultant. It will helps for some freshers who searching for a jobs or else it helps to identify the answers related to their questions.

HOW THE TESTER OF THE FUTURE SHOULD BE: 

           1. CONTINUOUS LEARNING
           2. COLLABROTION WITH AI
           3. NEW ROLES
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CONTINUOUS LEARNING :
It is essential to learn automation and AI tools testers who uses AI will be ahead compared to those who don't.

COLLABORATION WITH AI :
Testers will engage in tasks like creating test cases and designing test plan using AI and this will save time.

NEW ROLES:
New roles such as AI-assisted testing specialist and UI testing consultant will emerge.

SUMMARY:
Manual testing will not disappear ;instead it will evolve by intergrating with AI, expanding the tester's skills and moving to the next level in their future.

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