Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud(EC2)

First question arise about EC2 is What is Amazon EC2?
Amazon EC2 is a web based service which provide scalable computing capacity in the (AWS) Cloud. It provide virtual computing environment which is known as instances. It allows businesses to run their customized application programs in the Amazon Web Services public cloud. We can launch as many virtual servers as we need by configuring security, storage management and networking in EC2 instance. We can increase or decrease instance capacity as we want by using the Amazon EC2 web interface or an application programming interface (API). A developer can code an application to scale instances automatically with AWS Auto Scaling mode. We can also define an autoscaling policy and group to manage multiple instances at once.
The idea of EC2 was given by Pinkham and engineer Benjamin Black and they presented a paper on their ideas to Amazon CEO Jeff Bezos, and he liked the idea of EC2 details on virtual cloud servers. In 2006, Amazon announced a limited public beta test of EC2, and in 2007 added two new instance types -- Large and Extra Large. Amazon announced the addition of static IP addresses, availability zones, and user selectable kernels in spring 2008, followed by the release of the Elastic Block Store (EBS) in August.

Amazon EC2 instance types
There are mainly 4 types of EC2 instances:
1.General Purpose instances
General purpose instances are ideal starter instances for new EC2 users. They allow us to get a good understanding of the compute, memory, and networking requirements of your applications, run stress tests, and graduate to specialized instance types. You will then be able to choose from a broad selection of instances designed specifically for compute, memory, storage intensive applications that best fit your needs.

2.Accelerated Computing instances
Accelerated computing instances are used in applications that require high processing capability. They provide access to hardware-based compute accelerators, or co-processors such as Graphics Processing Units (GPUs), or Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs). These instances perform certain functions, such as floating point number calculations, graphics processing, and data pattern matching, more efficiently than those running on CPUs. They enable more parallel processing for higher throughput.
GPU-based instances provide access to NVIDIA GPUs with thousands of compute cores. FPGA-based instances provide access to large FPGAs with millions of parallel system logic cells.

3.Memory Optimized instances
Memory-optimized instances are made to perform faster when data is large memory size and It is designed for memory intensive applications including in-memory applications, in-memory databases(such as SAP HANA), in-memory analytics solutions, High Performance Computing, Electronic Design Automation, scientific computing and enterprise applications.

4.Compute Optimized instances
The Compute Optimized instances are used to compute intensive applications that run on high performance processors. Examples are batch processing workloads, media transcoding, high performance web servers, scientific modeling, dedicated gaming servers, ad servers and machine learning inference. The later generations are EBS optimized by default.
These types are ideal for intensive computing use cases, such as:
*Dedicated ad and gaming servers
*Scientific modeling
*High-performance web servers
*Media transcoding
*Batch processing workloads