How a request originates from cllient and reaches the server ?

When a client sends a request, it starts by entering a URL like www.example.com. The client first needs the IP address of that domain, so it performs DNS resolution. It checks local cache, then asks a DNS resolver, which eventually gets the IP from the authoritative server.

Once the IP is obtained, the client creates a connection to the server using protocols like TCP (and HTTPS if secure). This happens through a process called a handshake, where both client and server agree to communicate.

After the connection is established, the client sends an HTTP request to the server’s IP address. This request travels through multiple network devices such as routers and switches across the internet.

Finally, the request reaches the server. The server processes it, prepares a respons, and sends it back to the client, which then displays it in the browser.