I already tried to understand what really happens when I type a website into the browser. The browser shows the page instantly, but behind the scenes, there is a process called DNS resolution.
the first step is to check if the IP is already available locally. The browser checks cache. If the IP is found there the process stops.
If the IP is not found, the request goes to a component called the sub resolver in our system. This resolver sends the query to a main resolver, which is usually provided by ISP.
Now the main resolver takes finding the IP address. It start with the root name server. The root server directs the resolver to the correct TLD server based on the domain extension like .com, .org, .net.
The TLD again does not have the final IP but it points to the SLD name server for that specific domain. This SLD contains something called a zone file which holds the mapping of domain names to IP address. It also contains information about subdomains.Once the correct IP address is found, it is sent back to the MAIN resolver then to the sub resolver, and finally to my browser.
This whole DNS resolution process happens very quickly, usually in milliseconds tho there is a lot of process.
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