In the previous tutorial, we have seen the types of semiconductors and today we will have a look at the properties of semiconductors:

PROPERTIES OF SEMICONDUCTORS:

• The physical and chemical properties of semiconductors make them capable of designing technological wonders like microchips, transistors, LEDs, solar cells, etc.
• The microcontroller used for controlling the operation of space vehicles, trains, robots etc is made up of transistors which are manufactured by semiconductor materials.
• Semiconductors are smaller in size and possess less weight.
• Their resistivity is higher than conductors but lesser than insulators.
• Semiconductors can conduct electricity under preferable conditions or circumstances. This unique property makes it an excellent material to conduct electricity.
• Semiconductor devices can display a range of useful properties, such as passing current more easily in one direction than the other. Because the electrical properties of a semiconductor material can be modified by doping.
• Semiconductors have large thermoelectric power factors making them useful in thermoelectric generators.

ADVANTAGES OF SEMICONDUCTORS:

• Semiconductor diode is cheaper as compared to vacuum tubes. Because it does not produce any current in the absence of applied voltage.
• It has very small interelectrode capacitances and less power consumption.
• This is very important in high frequency application.
• Semiconductors are small in size and lighter weight.
• Semiconductor devices occupy less space on any type of printed circuit board i.e. Flexible PCB.
• The semiconductor device does not produce any noise.
• It has a long life and is robust in construction.
• Semiconductor devices they have no vacuum deterioration trouble.

DISADVANTAGES OF SEMICONDUCTORS:

• Semiconductor devices require low voltage operation as compared to the vacuum tubes.
• Semiconductor devices cannot handle as more power as ordinary vacuum tubes can do.
• Semiconductor diode cannot withstand high reverse voltage.
• It has poor response and has reverse saturation current.
• In high frequency noise level is higher in semiconductor device.