In the previous tutorial, we have seen the types of semiconductors and today we will have a look at the properties of semiconductors:
PROPERTIES OF SEMICONDUCTORS:
- The physical and chemical properties of semiconductors make them capable of designing technological wonders like microchips, transistors, LEDs, solar cells, etc.
- The microcontroller used for controlling the operation of space vehicles, trains, robots etc is made up of transistors which are manufactured by semiconductor materials.
- Semiconductors are smaller in size and possess less weight.
- Their resistivity is higher than conductors but lesser than insulators.
- Semiconductors can conduct electricity under preferable conditions or circumstances. This unique property makes it an excellent material to conduct electricity.
- Semiconductor devices can display a range of useful properties, such as passing current more easily in one direction than the other. Because the electrical properties of a semiconductor material can be modified by doping.
- Semiconductors have large thermoelectric power factors making them useful in thermoelectric generators.
ADVANTAGES OF SEMICONDUCTORS:
- Semiconductor diode is cheaper as compared to vacuum tubes. Because it does not produce any current in the absence of applied voltage.
- It has very small interelectrode capacitances and less power consumption.
- This is very important in high frequency application.
- Semiconductors are small in size and lighter weight.
- Semiconductor devices occupy less space on any type of printed circuit board i.e. Flexible PCB.
- The semiconductor device does not produce any noise.
- It has a long life and is robust in construction.
- Semiconductor devices they have no vacuum deterioration trouble.
DISADVANTAGES OF SEMICONDUCTORS:
- Semiconductor devices require low voltage operation as compared to the vacuum tubes.
- Semiconductor devices cannot handle as more power as ordinary vacuum tubes can do.
- Semiconductor diode cannot withstand high reverse voltage.
- It has poor response and has reverse saturation current.
- In high frequency noise level is higher in semiconductor device.
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