Install multiple PHP versions and automatically switch versions for each directory

Description

• Translated from Qiita
• I want to use multiple versions of PHP
• I want to automatically switch between different versions of PHP for each directory
• I don't want to do php builds because they are too difficult
• I want to support Mac and Ubuntu

Install brew

• Install Brew
• I thought brew was for macs only, but it can be installed on ubuntu too!

Install php

• Install php
• Additional packages can be installed as needed, such as imagemagick
• In this article, *PHP is installed with brew. *

brew update
brew tap shivammathur/php
brew install php@8.1
brew install php@8.0
brew install php@7.4
brew install pkg-config
brew install imagemagick

Install phpenv

• Install phpenv
• phpenv is used to switch between PHP versions using phpenv global, phpenv local, etc.
• In this article, phpenv does not install PHP.

# Install phpenv
curl -L https://raw.githubusercontent.com/phpenv/phpenv-installer/master/bin/phpenv-installer | bash

# Setup phpenv
$(cat << 'EOF' >> ~/.zshrc
# phpenv
export PHPENV_ROOT="$HOME/.phpenv"
if [ -d "${PHPENV_ROOT}" ]; then
  export PATH="${PHPENV_ROOT}/bin:${PATH}"
  eval "$(phpenv init -)"
fi
EOF
)

# restart shell
exec $SHELL -l

Link each version of php installed by brew to ~/.phpenv/versions

• You need to link the php installed by brew so that phpenv can manage them. Manual work is tedious, so I wrote a script.

curl -fsSL https://gist.githubusercontent.com/yuki777/6244823b8aa8cf4457e97e6407ada5ad/raw/e988f8a1c112e4063768664104ba14d799e63782/link-phps.bash | bash

Source

#!/usr/bin/env bash

set -au

## Check cellar dir
cellarDir=$(brew --prefix)/Cellar
if [ ! -d "$cellarDir" ]; then
  echo "Not found. brew package path $cellarDir :("
  echo
  exit 1
fi

parentDirs=$(find $cellarDir/php* -type d -maxdepth 0)
echo "# Link the php installed by Brew to ~/.phpenv/versions"
for parentDir in $parentDirs
do
  childDirs=$(find "$parentDir"/* -type d -maxdepth 0)
  for childDir in $childDirs
  do
    phpPath=$childDir/bin/php
    if [ ! -f "$phpPath" ]; then
      continue
    fi
    major=$($phpPath -r 'echo PHP_MAJOR_VERSION;')
    minor=$($phpPath -r 'echo PHP_MINOR_VERSION;')
    patch=$($phpPath -r 'echo PHP_RELEASE_VERSION;')

    # unlink
    rm -f "$HOME"/.phpenv/versions/"$major"."$minor"
    rm -f "$HOME"/.phpenv/versions/"$major"."$minor"."$patch"

    # link
    linkCommand="ln -s $childDir $HOME/.phpenv/versions/$major.$minor"
    echo "$linkCommand"
    $linkCommand
    linkCommand="ln -s $childDir $HOME/.phpenv/versions/$major.$minor.$patch"
    echo "$linkCommand"
    $linkCommand
  done
done

Tests

• Test that running php -v in global will use php 8.1
• Test that php 7.4 is automatically switched to php 7.4 when you move to the /tmp/php7.4

cd /tmp && mkdir php74 php80 php81

# set version
cd /tmp         && phpenv global 8.1 # set 8.1 as a global
cd /tmp/php74   && phpenv local  7.4 # pin 7.4 in this dir
cd /tmp/php80   && phpenv local  8.0 # pin 8.0 in this dir
cd /tmp/php81   && phpenv local  8.1 # pin 8.1 in this dir

# test version
cd /tmp         && php -v # => 8.1
cd /tmp/php74   && php -v # => 7.4
cd /tmp/php80   && php -v # => 8.0
cd /tmp/php81   && php -v # => 8.1

Notes on brew upgrade

• When php is upgraded by brew upgrade, symlink will be broken, so you need to re-run the link.

curl -fsSL https://gist.githubusercontent.com/yuki777/6244823b8aa8cf4457e97e6407ada5ad/raw/e988f8a1c112e4063768664104ba14d799e63782/link-phps.bash | bash

Summary

• Want to use multiple versions of PHP => with phpenv.
• Want to automatically switch between different versions of php for each directory => with phpenv.
• Don't want to waste time with php builds => install php with brew.
• I want to support Mac and Ubuntu => with brew and my own scripts.
• Special thanks, uzulla-san's slide

and others

• About pecl installation
• This article is written assuming a clean installation, but there are cases where php, direnv, brew-php-switcher, etc. have already been installed.
• About specifying php version in vscode and phpstorm
• I will write more if there is demand for it.