EU AI Act
The EU AI Act came into full effect in 2025, classifying AI systems into four risk levels: unacceptable, high, limited, and minimal risk. Generative AI (GPAI models) must meet transparency requirements, copyright compliance, and safety assessment obligations.
US Regulatory Approach
The US follows an industry self-regulation + executive order model. The Biden executive order requires large AI model developers to report to the government before training. States are advancing their own AI bills, with California's AI Transparency Act being the strictest state-level regulation.
Asia-Pacific
Singapore launched AI Governance Framework 2.0, primarily voluntary. China implemented Generative AI Management Measures requiring algorithm registration and content safety reviews. Malaysia is developing a national AI policy framework, expected by end of 2026.
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