Embedded systems are specialized computing systems designed to perform dedicated functions within larger devices. They are present in almost every aspect of modern life, often operating behind the scenes to ensure smooth functionality. In consumer electronics, devices like smartphones, washing machines, microwave ovens, and smart TVs rely on embedded systems to control operations and manage inputs and outputs efficiently. In the automotive industry, embedded systems are found in anti-lock braking systems (ABS), airbag control units, engine management systems, and advanced driver-assistance systems (ADAS). In healthcare, embedded systems power medical devices such as pacemakers, infusion pumps, and portable diagnostic equipment, improving patient monitoring and treatment accuracy. Industrial automation depends on embedded systems for controlling robotic arms, managing conveyor belts, and overseeing factory processes. Even in aerospace, they handle navigation, flight control, and communication systems. The Internet of Things (IoT) has further expanded their role, integrating them into smart home devices, wearable fitness trackers, and environmental monitoring systems.
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