Throw keyword:
JVM automatically throws system-generated exceptions. All those exceptions are called implicit exceptions.
If we want to throw an exception manually or explicitly, for this, Java provides a keyword throw.
- In Java exception handling, we use throw keyword to throw a single exception explicitly. It is followed by an instance variable.
- Using throw keyword, we can throw either checked or unchecked exception in Java.
- The keyword throw raises an exception by creating a subclass object of Exception explicitly.
- We mainly use throw keyword to throw custom exception on the basis of some specified condition.
- We use keyword throw inside the body of method or constructor to invoke an exception.
- With the help of throw keyword, we cannot throw more than one exception at a time
What is throws in Java?
The throws keyword is used in a method declaration to indicate that the method might not handle an exception itself and instead passes the responsibility to the caller method.
It acts as a warning signal to the programmer:
“This method may generate an exception. Handle it where you call it.”
Why do we use throws?
We use throws because:
Some exceptions cannot or should not be handled immediately
The caller may be better suited to handle the error
It helps in writing clean and modular code
🧠 Syntax of throws
returnType methodName() throws ExceptionType {
// risky code
Difference between Throw and Throws in Java
There are some key difference between throw and throws keyword in Java. They are as:
- The keyword throw is used to throw an exception explicitly, while the throws clause is used to declare an exception.
- Throw is followed by an instance variable, while throws is followed by the name of exception class.
- We use throw keyword inside method body to call an exception, while the throws clause is used in method signature.
- With throw keyword, we cannot throw more than one exception at a time, while we can declare multiple exceptions with throws.
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