Glamsterdam nears its public testnet, Safe hits 130M smart account transactions, ERC-8286, 1inch opens Aqua

#ethereum #blockchain #web3

Welcome to our weekly digest, where we unpack the latest in account and chain abstraction and the broader infrastructure shaping Ethereum.

This week: Ethereum core devs name Glamsterdam's first public testnet and line up eight execution-layer EIPs for Hegotá; ERC-8286 lands as a module standard tying modular smart accounts to Frame Transactions; Safe reports a record quarter for smart accounts; an EF developer publishes a full architecture for trustless clear signing; and 1inch opens its Aqua shared-liquidity protocol across 13 chains.

Glamsterdam Moves Closer to Public Testing
ERC-8286 Extends Modular Accounts to Frame Transactions
Safe Smart Accounts Hit 130M Transactions in a Record Quarter
A New Model for Safer Ethereum Transactions
1inch Brings Wallet-Based Liquidity to 13 Chains

Please fasten your belts!

Glamsterdam Moves Closer to Public Testing

On All Core Developers Execution call #242, Ethereum developers gave Glamsterdam’s first public-facing testnet a name: Platåberget. They agreed to launch it only once the upgrade’s gas-repricing package is stable enough to avoid major specification changes, so the timing slipped even though the current devnet is running well.

Gas repricing is central to Glamsterdam because the upgrade is meant to prepare Ethereum for higher throughput and more parallel execution. Prices set too low would let attackers craft cheap but expensive-to-process blocks, while prices set too high would raise costs for ordinary apps, so the schedule has to land close to real computational cost.

Platåberget will be permissionless, launching with roughly 50,000 validators across about 50 nodes and a mix of client combinations. It will start in a pre-Glamsterdam state and activate the fork about a week after genesis, so clients and apps can rehearse a real upgrade transition from a populated chain.

The call also moved eight execution-layer EIPs into the Proposed for Hegotá stage for deeper review. Two stand out for account abstraction: EIP-7819 (SETDELEGATE) would make EIP-7702-style smart account deployment much cheaper than deploying proxy contracts, and EIP-7906 would expose a transaction’s state changes so wallets and contracts can verify that the result matches what was intended.

The theme is that Glamsterdam and Hegotá are now being built in parallel but are not independent. Several Hegotá proposals, including the cheaper account deployment, are calculated against Glamsterdam’s gas changes, so Glamsterdam has to stabilize first.

ERC-8286 Extends Modular Accounts to Frame Transactions
A new standard, ERC-8286, was merged into Ethereum’s ERC repository last week, though it was first drafted back in June. Titled “Modular Accounts for Frame Transactions,” it is co-authored by Chiranjeev Mishra, WalletConnect’s Pedro Gomes, and EF developer Alex Forshtat.

The proposal extends ERC-7579, the modular smart-account standard, to work with EIP-8141 Frame Transactions, the native account abstraction model that also underpins trustless clear signing.

The mechanics are deliberately minimal. Rather than defining a new module system, ERC-8286 reuses ERC-7579’s unchanged and adds only the validation flow that Frame Transactions need, where a validator returns an “approval mode” that the account applies during a verification frame.

The point is a portable module ecosystem. A validator, executor, or hook written once can work across different accounts, wallets, and account abstraction implementations, so builders do not have to fork their modules or get locked into a single standard like ERC-4337 or EIP-8141.

It is still an early-stage draft, but it is a meaningful piece of plumbing. It shows Frame Transactions maturing from a proposal into a standards stack that modular smart accounts can actually build on.

Safe Smart Accounts Hit 130M Transactions in a Record Quarter

Safe, the programmable smart account wallet, reported its biggest quarter yet. It processed nearly 130 million transactions in Q2 2026 and passed 63 million accounts created, a 20% increase year over year.

Usage stayed strong even as prices fell. Monthly active accounts reached 2.73 million in June, and by Safe’s own measure, about $1 of every $48 of global stablecoin supply now sits in a Safe account.

Not everything was up. Quarterly revenue fell roughly 30% to about $1.98 million, which Safe attributed to compressed crypto prices rather than slowing usage.

Most of the transaction volume came from consumer apps, with World App at 52% and Polymarket at nearly 36%. Safe also expanded Safenet, its new security layer that checks transactions in real time and can block value from leaving an account even if a user signs a malicious transaction, running over 455,000 checks by quarter’s end.

For our readers, the takeaway is simple. Smart accounts are no longer a niche, and one of the oldest smart account providers is now settling a meaningful share of onchain stablecoin activity.

A New Model for Safer Ethereum Transactions

EF developer Alex Forshtat, a co-author of ERC-4337, EIP-8141 and ERC-8286, published a detailed architecture for what he calls trustless clear signing. The goal is to move Ethereum away from blind signing, where users approve raw bytes and hope for the best, toward signing human-readable outcomes that are enforced on-chain.

The core problem he identifies is that a transaction’s inputs do not determine its outcome, since the result depends on mutable chain state. That gap has enabled many of the largest thefts in Ethereum’s history, because what a user signs and what actually happens can differ.

The key enabler is Frame Transactions, proposed in EIP-8141, which replace the single call frame with a multi-frame model. Adding a final post-transaction assertions frame lets the protocol inspect every state change after execution and atomically revert the whole transaction if the outcome does not match what the user approved.

The design stitches together several existing efforts. It uses EIP-7906 to see all state changes, ERC-7730 and storage-layout descriptors to translate raw storage slots into meaningful values like token balances, and an on-chain descriptor registry so wallets do not depend on a single data provider. Existing EOAs can opt in through EIP-7702.

The framing matters for where wallets are heading. Instead of approving calldata, a user would approve something closer to “receive at least X, spend no more than Y,” with the account rejecting anything outside those bounds, which Forshtat argues could prevent hundreds of millions in annual losses.

1inch Brings Wallet-Based Liquidity to 13 Chains

DEX aggregator 1inch opened Aqua, its shared-liquidity protocol, to 13 EVM-compatible chains. The idea is capital efficiency: liquidity providers keep their assets in their own wallets and let one balance back several positions at once, rather than splitting capital across separate pools.

Tokens stay in the provider’s wallet until a matching swap executes, and a trade simply fails if the balance cannot cover it. By 1inch’s example, a $100,000 balance could quote a combined $300,000 across three positions, which is quoted liquidity rather than extra capital.

The rollout answers a problem 1inch’s own research flagged. It found that most liquidity tracked across major concentrated-liquidity venues was sitting idle in the first half of 2026, missing out on an estimated $150 million in annual fees.

Supported chains include Ethereum, Base, BNB Chain, Arbitrum, and Robinhood Chain, and 1inch says Aqua passed eight independent audits. A roughly $1.37 million incentive program accompanies the launch, though providers still face impermanent loss and smart contract risk.

Start exploring Account Abstraction with Etherspot!