Democracy as a Civilizational Project: From Philosophy to Practice

This article presents democracy as a conscious civilizational project that challenges natural tribal instincts. Drawing on the thought of Leszek Kołakowski, the author analyzes the tension between national self-assertion and the idea of the state as an inclusive civic community. The text provides a detailed discussion of mechanisms for building state resilience, from the institutional framework of the rule of law (WJP index) to innovative participatory tools. The reader will learn about the role of citizens' assemblies, sortitions, and participatory budgets in shaping procedural trust. A cross-cultural perspective, combining the tradition of the shura with modern transparency, complements the text by presenting democracy as a process of continuous self-healing and deliberation, essential for the stability of contemporary societies.