Git Tutorial
Git Command 影響範圍
Gitlab 專案初始化
Command line instructions
Git global setup
git config --global user.name "Corey Lai"
git config --global user.email "corey.lai@deanshoes.com"
Create a new repository
git clone http://gitlab/ws/wsrm-react-ide.git
cd wsrm-react-ide
touch README.md
git add README.md
git commit -m "add README"
git push -u origin master
Existing folder
cd existing_folder
git init
git remote add origin http://gitlab/ws/wsrm-react-ide.git
git add .
git commit -m "Initial commit"
git push -u origin master
Existing Git repository
cd existing_repo
git remote add origin http://gitlab/ws/wsrm-react-ide.git
git push -u origin --all
git push -u origin --tags
創建
在local端建立一個
$ git init
從gitlab內載入已經建立的庫
$ git clone http://gitlab/zk/deplm.git
Local 端操作
顯示目前已修改文件
$ git status
顯示與上次提交版本不同處
$ git diff
將修改檔案加入index
# 所有修改進行提交
$ git add .
# 指定特定文件進行提交
$ git add -p{patch 批次確認} <filename>
# 解決衝突後，將檔案標記為以解決
$ git add <resolved-filename>
提交更改
$ git commit -a{略過 git add 步驟}
$ git commit -m "comment"
$ git commit --amend {撤回提交}
git history
顯示歷程
$ git log
#顯示指定檔案所有修改
$ git log -p <filename>
分支
git branch
# 顯示所有分支
$ git branch -av
# 基於當前分支創建新分支
$ git branch <new-branch>
# 刪除本地分支
$ git branch -d <branch>
# 刪除遠端分支
$ git branch -dr <branch>
git tag
給當前提交設標籤
$ git tag <tag-name>
更新與發佈
git remote
# 列出遠端庫
$ git remote -v
# 新增遠端庫
$ git remote add <nickname> <url>
git fetch
# 取得遠端庫所有變動，不合併到local
$ git fetch <remote>
#
git pull
# 取得遠端庫所有變動，不合併到local
$ git pull <remote> <branch>
$ git pull origin development
合併
git merge
# 將當前分支合併到指定分支
$ git merge <branch>
git rebase
# 將當前分支重新接枝到指定分支
$ git rebase <branch>
# 終止rebase
$ git rebase --abort
# 解決衝突後繼續重新接枝
$ git rebase --continue
撤銷
git reset
# 放棄目前所有修改
$ git reset --hard HEAD
# 回到指定commit，並將之後修改標記
$ git reset <commit>
# 放棄目前所有修改，並回到指定commit
$ git reset --hard <commit>
# 回到指定commit，並保留local尚未提交的修改
$ git reset --keep <commit>
# 取消已 add file
$ git reset HEAD <filename>
git revert
# 回到前一次 commit 的狀態
$ git revert HEAD
本機憑證快取
記憶憑證
git config credential.helper store
清除憑證
git config --global --unset credential.helper
git config --system --unset credential.helper
Git checkout
Git 從特定 branch 取得特定檔案
$ git checkout <another-branch> <path-to-file> [<one-more-file> ...]
$ git status
$ git commit -m "'Merge' specific file from '<another-branch>'"
Git 標準流程
如專案已從 Gitlab 上下載並開發完成請從 Step 5. 開始
# Step 1.
$ git clone http://gitlab/zk/<project>.git
# Step 2.
$ git checkout development
# Step 3.
$ git pull
# Step 4.
Coding ...
# Step 5.
$ git add <file> or . {all file that was changed}
# Step 6. check the files you add
$ git status
# Step 7.
$ git commit -m "comment"
# Step 8.
$ git push origin development
# Step 9. git conflict happen
Resolve...
# Step 10. git conflict happen
$ git add <resolved-file>
# Step 11.
$ git push origin development
Git merge branch
$ git checkout release
$ git merge development
$ git add .
$ git push
### forced update
$ git checkout release
$ git reset --hard development
$ git push --force origin release
Git feature
1. merge origin/master branch to feature branch
# step1: change branch to master, and pull to update all commits
$ git checkout master
$ git pull
# step2: change branch to target, and pull to update commits
$ git checkout feature
$ git pull
# step3: merge master to feature(⚠️ current is feature branch)
$ git merge master
2. merge feature branch to origin/master branch
$ git checkout master
$ git pull origin master
$ git merge feature
$ git push origin master
gitignore file
git rm -r --cached .
git add .
git commit -m ".gitignore"
git branch
feature
# create feature
git checkout -b desc-feature master
git status
git add <some-file>
git commit
# finish dev
git push -u origin desc-feature
git push
# merge master
git checkout master
git pull
#git pull origin desc-feature
git merge desc-feature
git push
git branch -d desc-feature
Git module
git submodule add <repository> [<path>]</path></repository>
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