Publish GitHub pages with GitHub Actions

GitHub pages are the best way to host static blogs like Gatsby. One of the most common ways to do this is, maintain your code in main/master branch, build it, and then push the code to gh-pages branch.
There are various CI that easily automate this process like Travis CI, CircleCI, etc.
With GitHub actions, this would be a piece of cake, and without depending on any third-party provider. From the docs:

Automate, customize, and execute your software development workflows right in your repository with GitHub Actions

If you are not sure what are GitHub actions please visit here.

Workflow

Prerequisites

1. You have a static blog(let's say gatsby) setup, the code for your blog is in master branch.
2. You have a build script in your package.json
3. You have setup your GitHub pages (or pointed to your custom domain) in gh-pages branch.

Process

Step 1

Install gh-pages npm package in your project, this is a small utility package which helps to publish your code to gh-pages branch.
You can skip this step in case you want to push all contents from master to gh-pages branch.

Step 2

Add a deploy script in your package.json. This script should do 2 jobs

1. Build the project, make it ready for being published.
2. Push the changes to the gh-pages branch.

For example, this pushes the code to gh-pages via npm package.

"deploy": "gatsby build && gh-pages -d public -r https://$[e-mail]/<username>/<repository_name>.git"

Step 3

Generate an access token and add it to secret of your repository.

1. Create an access token: goto https://github.com/settings/tokens, create a new token, give it access for repo and workflow.

1. Add this token to secret of your repository: goto https://github.com/<username>/<repository_name>/settings/secrets/actions, click new repository secret.

Step 4

1. Create a workflow file, you need to create a file in following path: .github/workflows/<some-name-you-like>.yml, its important to have .yml extension and have exact same path.
2. Following action file is complete enough to publish gh-pages, every time a new commit is merged in master branch. ✅

   name: gh-pages publisher 🚀

   on:
   push:
      branches: [ master ]

   jobs:
   publish-gh-pages:
      runs-on: ubuntu-latest
      steps:
         - uses: actions/checkout@v2
         - uses: actions/setup-node@v1
         with:
            node-version: 12
         - run: npm ci
         - run: git config user.name "<user name>" && git config user.email "user email"
         - run: npm run deploy
         env:
            GH_TOKEN: ${{secrets.SECRET_GITHUB_TOKEN}}

This script is pretty self-explanatory, it performs the following tasks.

• It specifies to work only on push on master
• Sets up a node 12 environment
• Installs dependencies via npm ci
• Sets up git requirements for username and email (required to do a push to branch)
• Run the deploy script
• In case you don't use gh-pages npm package, you can write another step for git push to gh-pages branch.
• At last, we set up env variable GH_TOKEN from our action secret (which you set up in step 3), this env variable would be available in package.json

Step 5

Commit this file and see your first action in action (sorry for the pun 🙈 )

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Hope this helps 🙏🙏🙏

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• You can see the actions running here: https://github.com/<username>/<repository_name>/actions.

• Workflow file for itsopensource.com can be viewed here.