Paper capacitors are one of the fundamental types of capacitors. Usually, in capacitors, conductive materials are separated by dielectrics. Based on variants used as dielectrics, different types of capacitors are formed. The structure of this capacitor is similar to other capacitors, such as plastic capacitors. The only difference between other capacitors and this capacitor is that the chosen dielectric is paper. Paper capacitors, also known as fixed capacitors, use paper as a dielectric to store energy in the form of an electric field. This type of capacitor is used with a capacitance value of 1nF to 1uF at the power line frequency, and it stores a fixed amount of charge. These capacitors tend to store a fixed amount of charge values, therefore they are classified as fixed type capacitors. To take care of or protect the dielectric from environmental influences, immerse it in wax or oil.
What is the working principle of paper capacitors?
Paper capacitors are composed of two metal plates, with paper used as the dielectric material between them. Among them, there are positive and negative plates. When a charge is applied to these plates, the positive plate is attracted to one side, while the negative charge is attracted to the other plate. This type of electrical energy is stored in the form of an electric field, and the collected electrical energy is used by discharging capacitors. These ranges from 500pF to 50nF. This will result in high leakage current.
What is the capacitance value of paper?
The capacitance of paper capacitors is measured in Faraday units. The capacitance range of this capacitor is from 0.001 to 2.000 microfarads to a high voltage range of 2000V. At the beginning of this capacitor, paper was used as the dielectric between two aluminum sheets, but now other materials such as plastic are also used to replace paper. This capacitor is easily available in the range of 300 picofarads to 4 microfarads and operates at a voltage of 600 volts.
What is the structure of paper capacitors?
There are two manufacturing methods for paper capacitors: paper capacitors and metalized paper capacitors.
The first type is paper capacitors with paper strips
The structure of this capacitor requires two aluminum sheets and a piece of paper, which is completely covered with wax to protect it from outdoor exposure. A paper capacitor is a fixed capacitor that stores a fixed amount of charge with a fixed capacitance value. The aluminum plate of the paper is placed between the paper used as a dielectric. And aluminum serves as the electrode. Paper is a very poor electrical conductor and does not allow current to pass between aluminum sheets. Allow an electric field to pass through it, acting as a barrier for current. The paper and aluminum sheets are rotated into cylindrical shapes. The entire cylinder is coated with wax or plastic resin to protect it from external air humidity, and two wires are led out from the ends of the two aluminum sheets.
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