Day 5 - String

String datatype:
In Python, a string is a sequence of characters enclosed within either single quotes (') or double quotes (").

Python is a dynamically typed programming language.

Example:
x = 10 # 'x' is an integer
x = "Hello" # 'x' is a string

A string enclosed within three consecutive single quotes (''') or three consecutive double quotes (""").

Example 1:

name = 'Madurai'

city = '''Madurai's Jigarthanda is very famous'''
print(city)

Output:

Madurai's Jigarthanda is very famous

Example 2:

Address = """no. 7, East Street, 
            Mela masi veedhi,
            Madurai 625002"""

print(Address)

Output:

no. 7, East Street, 
            Mela masi veedhi,
            Madurai 625002

In Python, everything is an object.
Every object has its own memory space.

Example:

name = 'pritha'
degree = 'B.E.,'
height = 170
sunday = False
print(id(name))
print(id(degree))
print(id(height))
print(id(sunday))

name,degree,height,sunday these are the objects.
In Python, the id() function returns the unique memory address of the object passed to it.

Output:

130349764057584
130349766012592
11759304
10654592

1.String is immutable.
2.String is index-based
3.String starts from 0

Index/subscript:

A string is a sequence of characters, so indexing can be used to access individual characters.

Example 1:

name = 'pritha'

print(name[0])
print(name[1])
print(name[2])
print(name[3])
print(name[4])
print(name[5])

Output:

p
r
i
t
h
a

Example 2:

name = 'pritha'

print(name[0],end=' ')
print(name[1],end=' ')
print(name[2],end=' ')
print(name[3],end=' ')
print(name[4],end=' ')
print(name[5],end=' ')

Output:

p r i t h a 

Example 3:

name = 'kavitha'

# first letter
print(name[0])

#last letter
print(name[6])

#first letter 'g'
if name[0] == 'k':
    print("yes starts with k")

#last letter 'a'
if name[6] == 'a':
    print("yes ends with a")

#all letters with single space in same line
print(name[0], end=' ')
print(name[1], end=' ')
print(name[2], end=' ')
print(name[3], end=' ')
print(name[4], end=' ')
print(name[5], end=' ')
print(name[6], end=' ')

#middle letter 
length = len(name) 
print(name[length//2])

Output:

k
a
yes starts with k
yes ends with a
k a v i t h a i