liu yang

Posted on Jun 15

Youdaoplaceholder0 In-depth analysis of HarmonyOS Next architecture

#harmonyosnext

In - Depth Analysis of HarmonyOS Next Architecture

I. Core Design of Distributed Architecture

1. Cross - Device Virtualization (Virtual Super Device)

Core Concept: Abstract multi - device hardware capabilities into a unified resource pool. Use the Distributed Soft Bus (D - Bus) for low - latency (<5ms) and highly reliable (99.999%) communication.

Technical Implementation:

// Cross - device data synchronization example (ArkTS)  
import distributedData from '@ohos.data.distributedData';  

// 1. Create a data sync group  
let groupId = await distributedData.createGroup({  
  deviceList: ["PhoneA", "TabletB", "TV-C"], // List of device IDs  
  strategy: distributedData.GroupStrategy.BALANCED // Load - balancing strategy  
});  

// 2. Send data to all devices  
distributedData.sendData(groupId, {  
  key: "liveScore",  
  value: JSON.stringify({ teamA: 3, teamB: 2 })  
});

Advantage: Data automatically routes via the optimal path (Wi - Fi 6E / Bluetooth Mesh / Star闪 protocol).

2. Hardware Capability Decoupling and Reconfiguration

Architecture Logic:

[Application Layer]  
  └─ Call camera API → [Distributed Scheduling Engine]  
    └─ Detect device A's camera is busy → Dynamically redirect to device B's camera  
      └─ Encapsulate via atomic services → Return video stream locally

Key Protocols: HDP (Harmony Distributed Protocol): Unified device discovery, connection, and capability negotiation.
Data Security: End - to - end quantum - encrypted tunnel (integrated with Huawei Kunlun security chip).

II. System Modular Design

1. Layered Architecture (Layered Modules)

Module Division:

├── ==&zwnj;**Kernel Layer**&zwnj;==  
│   └─ Lightweight microkernel (<100KB) supports real - time tasks  
├── ==&zwnj;**Service Layer**&zwnj;==  
│   ├─ Device management module (DeviceProfile)  
│   └─ AI inference engine (MindSpore Lite 3.0)  
└── ==&zwnj;**Framework Layer**&zwnj;==  
    ├─ ArkUI 3.0 (Declarative UI framework)  
    └─ Distributed data management (DataAbility)

2. Module Communication Mechanism

Binder IPC Optimization:

// Native module communication example (C++)  
#include <foundation/binder/binder.h>  

class SensorService : public Binder {  
public:  
int32_t OnRemoteRequest(uint32_t code, MessageParcel& data) override {  
switch(code) {  
case GET_ACCEL_DATA:  
return ReadSensor(SENSOR_TYPE_ACC); // Direct access to hardware abstraction layer  
}  
}  
};

Performance Improvement: Cross - module call time reduced from 10ms to 0.8ms (2025 version optimization data).

III. Key Innovative Technologies

1. Dynamic Elastic Deployment (Dynamic Deployment)

Scenario Case:

// Load different modules based on device form factor  
import deviceInfo from '@ohos.deviceInfo';  

if (deviceInfo.deviceType === 'wearable') {  
  loadModule('@ohos.wearableHealth'); // Health module for wearables  
} else {  
  loadModule('@ohos.desktopAssistant'); // Module for desktop devices  
}

2. Atomic Services (Atomic Services)

Features: Independent module compilation (<100KB), on - demand download.

Service Card Code Example:

// Weather service card (ArkTS)  
@AtomicService  
@Component  
struct WeatherCard {  
@State temp: string = "23℃";  

  build() {  
Column() {  
Text(this.temp).fontSize(18)  
Image($r('app.media.sun')).width(50)  
}  
}

IV. Developer Adaptation Suggestions

1. Best Practices for Distributed Capabilities

Code Example:

// Multi - device collaboration scenario  
import multiScreen from '@ohos.multiscreen';  

multiScreen.startMirroring({  
  source: "Phone",  
  targets: ["TV", "Tablet"],  
  resolution: "4K@60fps"  
}).then(() => {  
  console.log("Cross - screen collaboration started");  
});

2. Module Dependency Management

oh - package.json Configuration Example:

{  
"dependencies": {  
"@ohos.network": "^3.2.0", // Required module  
"@ohos.ai.face": {  
"version": "2.1.0",  
"optional": true  // Optional module  
}  
}  
}

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