0% vs. n = 10; 19.6% respectively; p = .1). Incidence of MVC was higher in TF group (11.8 vs. 1.3% in the TC group; p = .01) with similar incidence of stroke between groups (p = .8).
Despite higher patient risk profile, TC approach in complex aortofemoral anatomy provides similar favorable outcomes with less MVC compared to TF approach.
Despite higher patient risk profile, TC approach in complex aortofemoral anatomy provides similar favorable outcomes with less MVC compared to TF approach.Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) are increasingly being used in nephrology care. However, in contrast to well-known clinical measures such as blood pressure, health-care professionals are less familiar with PROMs and the interpretation of PROM scores is therefore perceived as challenging. In this paper, we provide insight into the interpretation of PROM scores by introducing the different types and characteristics of PROMs, and the most relevant concepts for the interpretation of PROM scores. Concepts such as minimal detectable change, minimal important change and response shift are explained and illustrated with examples from nephrology care.Efficient production hosts are a key requirement for bringing biopharmaceutical and biotechnological innovations to the market. In this work, a truly universal high-throughput platform for optimization of microbial protein production is described. Using droplet microfluidics, large genetic libraries of strains are encapsulated into biocompatible gel beads that are engineered to selectively retain any protein of interest. Bead-retained products are then fluorescently labeled and strains with superior production titers are isolated using flow cytometry. learn more The broad applicability of the platform is demonstrated by successfully culturing several industrially relevant bacterial and yeast strains and detecting peptides or proteins of interest that are secreted or released from the cell via autolysis. Lastly, the platform is applied to optimize cutinase secretion in Komagataella phaffii (Pichia pastoris) and a strain with 5.7-fold improvement is isolated. The platform permits the analysis of >106 genotypes per day and is readily applicable to any protein that can be equipped with a His6 -tag. It is envisioned that the platform will be useful for large screening campaigns that aim to identify improved hosts for large-scale production of biotechnologically relevant proteins, thereby accelerating the costly and time-consuming process of strain engineering.T-cell exhaustion is one of the hallmarks in cancer, but the mechanisms underlying T-cell dysregulation remains unclear. Here, we reported that down-regulation of transcription factor EOMES contributed to increased levels of inhibitory receptors in T cell among the tumour tissues and resulted in the poor prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). By analysing the correlation between EOMES in tumour-infiltrating T cells and the clinical features, we demonstrated that the EOMES was related to the advanced stage and poor prognosis of HCC. Further mechanistic studies revealed that the EOMES mainly expressed in the CD8+ T cells and were down-regulated in tumour samples. Moreover, we demonstrated that the EOMES directly bound at the transcriptional regulatory regions of the key inhibitory factors including PD-1, CTAL-4 and CD39, and lower levels of EOMES contributed to overexpression of these factors in T cells. Together, our studies provide new insight into the transcriptional deregulation of the inhibitory receptors on T cells during the tumorigenesis.Developing robust and highly efficient electrocatalysts for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is critical for renewable, secure, and emission-free energy technologies. Perovskite Ba0.5 Sr0.5 Co0.8 Fe0.2 O3-δ (BSCF) has emerged as a promising OER electrocatalyst with desirable intrinsic activity. Inspired by the factor that substituting in transition-metal sublattice of the perovskite can further optimize the OER activity, herein, nickel-substituted BSCF is adopted, that is, Ba0.5 Sr0.5 Co0.8-x Fe0.2 Nix O3-δ (x = 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, denoted as BSCFNx, x = 5, 10, 20, respectively), as efficient and stable OER catalysts in alkaline solution. The phase structure, microchemistry, oxygen vacancy, and electrochemical activity of such samples are well-investigated. Endowed with an overpotential of only 278 mV at 10 mA cm-2 and a Tafel slope of merely 47.98 mV dec-1 , BSCFN20 exhibits the optimum OER activity. When constructing a two-electrode cell with BSCFN20 as anode and Pt/C as cathode (BSCFN20||Pt/C) for water splitting, it only requires a voltage of 1.63 V to achieve 50 mA cm-2 , and the BSCFN20||Pt/C remains stable within 80 h at 10 mA cm-2 , superior to the state-of-the-art RuO2 ||Pt/C counterpart. This work provides a feasible strategy for designing stable and highly active perovskite electrocatalysts for future energy storage and conversion.
Mutational complexity or tumor mutational burden (TMB) influences the course of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). However, this information is not routinely used because TMB is usually obtained from whole genome or exome, or from large gene panel high-throughput sequencing.
Here, we used the C-Harrel concordance index to determine the minimum panel of genes for which mutations predict treatment-free survival (TFS) as well as large resequencing panels.
An eight gene estimator was defined encompassing ATM, SF3B1, NOTCH1, BIRC3, XPO1, MYD88, TNFAIP3, and TP53. TMB estimated from either a large panel of genes or the eight gene estimator was increased in treated patients or in those with a short TFS (<2years), unmutated IGHV gene or with an unfavorable karyotype. Being an independent prognostic parameter, any mutation in the eight gene estimator predicted a shorter TFS better than Binet stage and IGHV mutational status among patients with an apparently non-progressive disease (TFS >6months). Strikingly, the eight gene estimator was also highly informative for patients with Binet stage A CLL or with a good prognosis karyotype.
These results suggest that the eight gene estimator, that is easily achievable by high-throughput resequencing, brings robust and valuable information that predicts evolution of untreated patients at diagnosis better than any other parameter.
These results suggest that the eight gene estimator, that is easily achievable by high-throughput resequencing, brings robust and valuable information that predicts evolution of untreated patients at diagnosis better than any other parameter.learn more
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