Ultimate guide of Linux commands for Monitoring

Here are some essential commands to monitor the health and CPU utilization of your Ubuntu 22.04 server:

1. General System Information

• View system information:

  uname -a

• Check uptime and load average:

  uptime

• View system memory and swap usage:

  free -h

2. CPU Utilization

• Display real-time CPU and memory usage:

  top

Press q to exit.

• Better interactive process viewer:

  htop

(You may need to install it: sudo apt install htop)

• Display CPU usage statistics:

  mpstat 1 5

(Install with: sudo apt install sysstat)

3. Disk Usage

• Check disk space usage:

  df -h

• Analyze disk usage in detail:

  du -sh *

4. Network Monitoring

• View network statistics:

  ifconfig

(Install with: sudo apt install net-tools if not available)

• Monitor network traffic in real-time:

  nload

(Install with: sudo apt install nload)

5. System Logs

• View system logs:

  journalctl -xe

• Tail system logs in real-time:

  tail -f /var/log/syslog

6. Hardware Information

• View CPU information:

  lscpu

• Check hardware information:

  lshw -short

(Install with: sudo apt install lshw)

7. Resource Monitoring Utilities

• Install sysstat for detailed monitoring tools:

  sudo apt install sysstat

Then use commands like:

• iostat (for I/O stats)

• sar (system performance stats)

  • Monitor system resource usage with glances:

  sudo apt install glances
  glances

8. Check Running Services

• List running services:

  systemctl list-units --type=service --state=running

9. Temperature and Sensors

• Install and check hardware sensors:

  sudo apt install lm-sensors
  sudo sensors-detect
  sensors

Would you like a script to combine these into a single health check?