Serverless PHP Development with AWS Lambda and Bref Framework

PHP has been powering the web for decades. From WordPress to Laravel, it remains one of the most popular backend languages on the planet. However, as serverless computing gained popularity, PHP was frequently overlooked in favor of Node.js, Python, and Go.

That story has altered.

PHP has become a first-class citizen of the serverless world thanks to AWS Lambda and Bref. You can run modern PHP applications without managing servers, scale automatically, and pay just for what you need—all while maintaining your existing PHP skills and frameworks.

In this post, we’ll explore:

• What serverless PHP really means
• How Bref makes it possible
• A practical setup walkthrough
• When serverless PHP does and doesn’t make sense
• Performance, cold starts, and best practices

Let’s dive in.

What Is Serverless (Really)?

Before touching PHP, let’s clear a common misconception.

Serverless does not mean “no servers.”
It means you don’t manage them.

With AWS Lambda:

• No provisioning EC2 instances
• No patching OS updates
• No capacity planning
• Automatic scaling
• Pay-per-request pricing

You do not install servers, but functions. The rest is handled by Amazon Web Services.

This was not previously possible for PHP developers until Bref.

Why PHP Was Late to Serverless

AWS Lambda initially supported:

• Node.js
• Python
• Java
• Go
• Ruby

PHP was missing because:

• Lambda requires a custom runtime
• PHP traditionally assumes long-running processes
• The ecosystem lacked official tooling

Bref solved all of this by:

• Providing production-ready PHP runtimes
• Handling Lambda’s runtime interface
• Integrating seamlessly with modern PHP frameworks

PHP is still highly relevant for building scalable, dynamic apps—see why PHP is a top choice for e-commerce development

What Is Bref?

Bref is an open-source framework that allows you to run PHP applications on AWS Lambda.

It provides:

• Custom PHP runtimes (PHP 8.x supported)
• Native Lambda integrations
• HTTP handling via API Gateway
• CLI tooling and deployment helpers

Think of Bref as the bridge between PHP and AWS Lambda.

Architecture Overview

A typical serverless PHP setup looks like this:

Client
  ↓
API Gateway
  ↓
AWS Lambda (PHP via Bref)
  ↓
RDS / DynamoDB / S3 / External APIs

Each request spins up (or reuses) a Lambda container that runs your PHP code.

Setting Up a Serverless PHP Project with Bref

Let’s walk through a real setup.

1. Prerequisites

You’ll need:

• PHP 8.1+
• Composer
• AWS account
• AWS CLI configured
• Docker (for local builds)

2. Create a New Project

composer create-project bref/bref my-serverless-app
cd my-serverless-app

This gives you:

• A basic Lambda handler
• Serverless Framework config
• PHP runtime configuration

3. Install Bref Runtime

composer require bref/bref

This pulls in:

• PHP runtime layers
• Lambda integrations
• Deployment helpers

4. Configure serverless.yml

This file defines your entire infrastructure.

service: php-serverless-app

provider:
  name: aws
  region: ap-south-1
  runtime: provided.al2

plugins:
  - ./vendor/bref/bref

functions:
  api:
    handler: public/index.php
    layers:
      - ${bref:layer.php-81}
    events:
      - httpApi: '*'

Key points:

provided.al2 tells Lambda we’re using a custom runtime

Bref injects the PHP binary via Lambda Layers

httpApi connects API Gateway to PHP

5. Your PHP Entry Point

In public/index.php:

<?php

echo json_encode([
    'message' => 'Hello from Serverless PHP!',
    'time' => date('c'),
]);

That’s it. No Apache. No Nginx. No FPM.

6. Deploy to AWS

vendor/bin/serverless deploy

After deployment, you’ll get:

• An HTTPS endpoint
• Auto-scaling Lambda function
• Pay-per-request billing

Learn more about PHP & It's Trending Frameworks

Using Frameworks Like Laravel or Symfony

Yes, you can run full frameworks.

Laravel on Lambda

• Use Laravel Octane-style optimizations
• Cache config and routes
• Avoid runtime file writes
• Use S3 for storage

Symfony on Lambda

• Use HTTP kernel as handler
• Precompile container
• Disable debug mode

Bref officially supports both and provides documentation for best practices.

Performance and Cold Starts

Let’s address the elephant in the room.

Cold Starts Explained

A cold start happens when:

• No Lambda container is available
• AWS spins up a new one
• PHP runtime initializes

For PHP:

• Cold starts are usually 100–500ms
• Warm requests are very fast

How to Reduce Cold Starts

• Use smaller dependencies
• Enable OPcache
• Avoid heavy bootstrap logic
• Use provisioned concurrency (for critical APIs)

For most APIs, cold starts are a non-issue.

When Serverless PHP Is a Great Choice

Serverless PHP shines when:

✅ You have spiky or unpredictable traffic
✅ You want zero server maintenance
✅ You already know PHP
✅ You’re building APIs, microservices, or web backends
✅ You want cost efficiency at low-to-medium scale

When You Should NOT Use It

Serverless PHP may not be ideal if:

❌ You need long-running processes
❌ You rely heavily on local filesystem writes
❌ You require ultra-low latency at all times
❌ You have legacy apps tightly coupled to servers

Serverless is a tool—not a silver bullet.

Cost Considerations

Lambda pricing is based on:

• Number of requests
• Execution duration
• Memory allocation

For many PHP apps:

• Costs are significantly lower than EC2
• Especially for low or bursty traffic

Real-world examples often run on single-digit USD/month.

Best Practices for Production

• Cache aggressively (Redis, DynamoDB, or HTTP caching)
• Use environment variables, not .env files
• Monitor with CloudWatch
• Log structured JSON
• Keep functions small and focused

Conclusion

Serverless PHP is no longer experimental.

With AWS Lambda and Bref:

• PHP joins the modern cloud-native world
• You get scalability without complexity
• You write PHP, not infrastructure code

If you’re a PHP developer who’s been ignoring serverless because “PHP isn’t supported,” it’s time to revisit that assumption.

Serverless PHP is not the future, it’s already here.