SELENIUM

1.Selenium:Selenium is a powerful automation tool widely used for web application testing.

• It is open source testing framework.
• It automates web browser through programs.
• Selenium supports various programming language such as Java, Python, C++ etc.
• Selenium is not only single tool but it is a set of tool used to automate the we-based applications.

COMPONENTS OF SELENIUM

1. Selenium IDE(Integrated development environment):

• It is open source tool that is used in conducting automated web testing and browser automation.
• It is a simplest framework in the selenium suite.
• It allows to record and playback the scripts.

Features:

• Record :It allows user to record step with action of interaction with web applications.
• Playback: Repeating performing the recorded steps.
• Easy debugging: Failures can be found easily from recorded steps.
• Creates automated test cases: Recorded steps can be saved as test cases.
• Cross browser compatibility: Recorded steps can run in any browser.

1. Selenium RC(Remote control):

• It allows to write the automated web pages tests in various languages such as Python, Java, C#,C++ etc.
• The key feature of selenium RC is that interacts with the we browser using server.
• It relay on client-server architecture, whenever we want to execute the test cases we need to start the server manually.

Features:

• Improved API:As the server act as intermediator between the code and the web browser it provides improved quality of interaction.
• Better performance: As API fetches the information, test case execution will be fast.
• Supports modern web technologies: Supports modern web technologies like HTML5,CSS3. -Able to executes the test cases in parallel and remote execution using selenium Grid.

1. Selenium Web-driver:

• Selenium web driver is a web based automation testing framework designed to ease the automation activities.
• It can test webpages interaction on various browsers and various operating system.
• It has additional verification steps.

Features:

• It communicates directly with browser and controls it.
• Rich set of APIs were designed.

1. Selenium Grid:

• It is a server that allows tests to use web browser instances in various machine.
• Multiple tests can run simultaneously against different machine against various browsers and operating system.
• Here one server acts as hub, tests contact hub to gain access to browser instance.

Features:

• Parallel execution of tests cases across different machine and manages different browser version.
• Saves lot of time in completing testing.

Advantages of Selenium:

• It automates the test cases.
• Supports various programming languages like Python, Java, C#,C++ etc.
• Supports various operating system like Linux, Mac, Windows etc.
• Supports cross browser automation.
• Open source tool.

Disadvantages of Selenium:

• Does not support mobile application/desktop application.
• Does not support OTP verification directly.
• Does not support CAPTCHA verification directly.

1. Why do we use selenium for Automation:

• Selenium is used for automation as it allows parallel test execution, reducing the overall testing time.
• Selenium supports various browsers like Firefox, Chrome, safari, Edge, Internet Explorer etc.
• Selenium allows user to write the scripts in various languages like Python, Java, C#, C++ etc.
• It is a free and open source tool.
• Selenium allows testers and developers to make changes to the code, reducing duplication and improving maintainability.

1. What is the relevance of Selenium in automation testing using Python:

• Python is easy to learn and understand , hence writing selenium scripts using Python helps to understand the scripts easily.
• With Selenium python we can write robust test scripts to automate the testing of web application, ensuring their functionalities across different browser and platform.
• Using Selenium with Python provides many possibilities to do efficient and effective web application testing.
• Selenium supports python, which ensures it is stable, well documented and updated.
• Python helps in rapid script development ,leading to faster creation and upkeep of test automate suits.
• Developers and testers can run the tests in parallel on multiple combination, resulting in delivering the quality product.
• selenium provides excellent integration with Python.