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Sain Bux
Sain Bux

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How I Structure Real Projects Before Writing Code

Most developers open VS Code too early.

For years I did the same.

A client explained the idea, and within hours I was creating Laravel controllers, React components, and database tables. Two months later the project became messy, requirements changed, and I realized:

The real problem was not my coding skill — it was my thinking structure.

Now I follow a strict pre-coding process. I don’t write a single line until the project is mentally engineered.

1. Understand the Problem — Not the Feature

Clients talk in features:

  • “I need a dashboard”
  • “Add payment system”
  • “Make it like this website”

But engineers must think in problems.

I ask:

  • Who will use this system?
  • What decision will this software help them make?
  • What pain exists today?

I write a one-line statement:
This project helps [user] achieve [goal] by solving [problem].

2. Define the Core Entities

Before tables, before APIs, I list entities like a researcher:

For example, in an e-commerce project:

  • User
  • Product
  • Order
  • Payment
  • Shipment

Then I describe relationships in plain English:

  • A User places many Orders
  • An Order contains many Products
  • A Payment belongs to an Order

This becomes my mental database — long before MySQL appears.

3. API-First Thinking

I don’t start with UI.

I start with questions:

  • What data will the frontend need?
  • Which actions must be possible?
  • What should fail securely?

I draft endpoints like:
POST /api/orders
GET /api/orders/{id}
POST /api/payments
GET /api/products

No framework yet — just contracts.

This protects me from becoming “framework dependent.”

4. Data Flow Mapping

I draw a simple flow:

User → Frontend → API → Database → API → User

For each step I note:

  • validation
  • authentication
  • business rules
  • possible errors

This becomes my future middleware and services.

5. Non-Functional Requirements

Most tutorials ignore this, but real projects live here:

  • performance
  • security
  • scalability
  • logging
  • backups

I write a small section:

  • 2 second response time
  • role-based access
  • daily DB backup
  • API rate limiting

Now the project looks like engineering — not a CRUD toy.

6. Folder & Architecture Plan

Only now I think about structure:

  • controllers
  • services
  • repositories
  • DTOs
  • tests

Whether Laravel, Node, or Django — the thinking stays same.

7. THEN I Open the Editor

When I finally write code:

  • endpoints are already known
  • entities are clear
  • validations decided
  • security planned

Coding becomes translation — not confusion.

What Changed for Me
Since following this process:

  • fewer rewrites
  • cleaner APIs
  • confident estimates
  • happier clients

I moved from:
“Let’s start and see”
to
“Let’s design and then build.”

Final Thought

A real full stack developer is not someone who knows many frameworks.

It’s someone who knows how to think before coding.

About the Author

Sain Bux is a Full Stack Developer and Technology Researcher focused on API-first architecture, scalable systems, and evidence-based software engineering.

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