Git is the free and open source distributed version control system.This cheat sheet features the most important and commonly used Git commands for easy reference.
Having trouble remembering git commands? Here's a cheat sheet with more than 40+ commands to make your life simpler.
GIT SETUP & INIT
1.Configuring user information
git config --global user.name "[firstname lastname]"
git config --global user.email "[valid-email]"
git config --global color.ui auto
2.Initialize a local repository
git init [directory]
The is optional. If you don't specify it, the current directory will be used.
3.Clone a remote repository
git clone [url]
retrieve an entire repository from a hosted location via URL.
STAGE & SNAPSHOT
4.Show modified files in working directory
git status
5. Add a file to the staging area
git add [file]
To add all files in the current directory, use . in place of <file>.
git add .
6.Add only certain file to the staging area
With the asterisk in the command below, you can add all files starting with 'fil' in the staging area.
git add fil*
7.Remove a file from the staging area
git reset [file]
8.Display the changes to unstaged files
git diff
You can also use the --staged flag to display the changes to **staged **files.
git diff --staged
9.Display the changes between two commits
git diff [commit id 01> <commit id 02]
10.Commit your staged content
git commit -m “[descriptive message]”
If you want to add all changes made to tracked files & commit
git commit -a -m "<message>"
# OR
git commit -am "<message>"
BRANCH & MERGE
11.Display list of your branch
git branch
Useful flags:
-
-a: Display all branches(local & remote) -
-r: Display remote branches -
-v: Display branches with last commit 12.Create a new branch create a new branch at the current commit
git branch [branch-name]
13.Switch to a branch
git checkout [branch]
14.Delete a branch
git branch -d [branch]
15.Merge a branch
git merge [branch-name]
16.Abort conflicting merge
git merge --abort
INSPECT & COMPARE
Examining logs, diffs and object information
17.Display the commit history
git log
show the commits on branchA that are not on branchB
git log branchB..branchA
show the commits that changed file, even across renames
git log --follow [file]
18. Object in Git in human-readable forma
git show [SHA]
SHARE & UPDATE
Retrieving updates from another repository and updating local repos.
19.Add a remote repository
git remote add [remote name] [url]
20.Display remote repositories
git remote
Add a -v flag to display the URLs of the remote repositories.
git remote -v
21.Remove a remote repository
git remote remove [remote name]
22.Rename a remote repository
git remote rename [old name] [new name]
23.Fetch changes from a remote repository
git fetch [remote name]
24.Fetch changes from a particular branch
git fetch [remote name] [branch-name]
25.Pull changes from a remote repository
git pull [remote name] [branch-name]
26.Push changes to a remote repository
git push [remote name]
27.Push changes to a particular branch
git push [remote name] [branch]
TEMPORARY COMMITS
28.Stash changes
git stash
You can also add a message to the stash.
git stash save "<message>"
29.List stashes
list stack-order of stashed file changes
git stash list
30.Apply a stash
Applying the stash will NOT remove it from the stash list.
git stash apply <stash id>
If you do not specify the <stash id>, the latest stash will be applied (Valid for all similar stash commands)
31.Remove a stash
git stash drop <stash id>
Discard the changes from top of stash stack
git stash drop
32.Remove all stashes
git stash clear
33.Apply and remove a stash
git stash pop <stash id>
34.Display the changes in a stash
git stash show <stash id>
REWRITE HISTORY
Rewriting branches, updating commits and clearing history
35.Revert a commit
git revert <commit id>
36.Reset a commit
git reset <commit id>
You can also add the --hard flag to delete all changes, but use it with caution.
git reset --hard <commit id>
37.Apply any commits of current branch ahead of specified one
git rebase [branch]
TRACKING PATH CHANGES
Versioning file removes and path changes
38.Delete the file from project and stage the removal for commit
git rm [file]
39.Change an existing file path and stage the move
git mv [existing-path] [new-path]
40.Show all commit logs with indication of any paths that moved
git log --stat -M
IGNORING PATTERNS
Preventing unintentional staging or commiting of files.
41.Save a file with desired paterns as .gitignore with either direct string matches or wildcard globs.
logs/
*.notes
pattern*/
42.system wide ignore patern for all local repositories
git config --global core.excludesfile [file]
43.Cache your login credentials in Git
git config --global credential.helper cache
Conclusion
You may significantly increase your Git productivity by using these commands. I've created this cheat sheet so you don't have to memorise them all. You can print this page if you'd like or save it as a bookmark for later use.
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